The process of catching and transporting broodstock, such as barracuda, requires careful handling due to their tendency to jump and dig. When using nets, it's essential to cover the net or lift it from the water surface while ensuring the lower part is tightly secured. The net should be moved at a moderate speed to avoid injuring the fish. Soft materials like cotton or vinylon threads are recommended for the net mesh, with a size of at least 1.5 cm. A well-maintained breeding pool, preferably used 1–3 times, helps maintain the effectiveness of oxytocin. It’s important to limit the number of people in the water during fishing—typically 2–3 individuals. When handling the fish, gently support the chest, hold the head, and use a cloth to transport them. The cloth clips should be wider and longer than the fish, and when placing the fish in the clip, slightly elevate the rear to prevent slipping. Adding some water to the clip during transport ensures better conditions for the broodstock.
Proper identification of male and female broodstock is crucial for effective oxytocin application. While secondary sexual characteristics in squid and lobster fish may not be obvious, sexually mature individuals show distinct features. Female barracuda typically have larger, triangular cheeks, a rounder abdomen, and visible genital papillae, whereas males have oval cheeks, a slimmer body, and smaller, cylindrical papillae. Accurate sex determination helps ensure the right ratio of males to females, usually around 1.5:1, which can be adjusted if males are not fully matured.
Selecting mature broodstock is vital for successful oxytocin production, especially in early stages. Fish are often chosen based on physical appearance, experience, and seasonal cues. For females, a soft, elastic, and swollen abdomen with visible ovary outlines indicates maturity. Males should show milky white semen when gently pressed. Egg-digging techniques can also help assess maturity. Using a small probe (3–3.5 mm in diameter), eggs can be extracted and examined under a microscope. Mature eggs are clear, plump, and about 0.72 mm in diameter, showing good viability.
Oxytocin dosage varies depending on the hormone type and fish size. Pituitary glands, chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogues (LRH-A) are commonly used. Effective doses for barracuda include 17–30 mg/kg of pituitary, 3500–8000 IU/kg of HCG, or 100–300 µg/kg of LRH-A. Mixed injections, such as LRH-A + HCG + pituitary, can also be effective. Dosage adjustments depend on fish maturity, water temperature, and hormone quality. Multiple injections, rather than a single dose, are often preferred to align with natural physiological processes, allowing for better oocyte maturation and smoother spawning.
For injection preparation, hormones must be dissolved in sterile water or saline. Pituitary extracts are ground into a paste and mixed with the appropriate volume of solution. Hormones in vials should be reconstituted carefully, and syringes labeled to avoid errors. Injection solutions should be used immediately after preparation to ensure potency. Proper technique and timing significantly impact the success of oxytocin-induced spawning.
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