The process of broodstock fishing and transportation for barracuda requires careful handling due to their strong jumping and burrowing abilities, making them difficult to catch. When using a net, it should be covered or lifted from the surface to prevent escape. The lower part of the net must be tightly secured, and the net movement should not be too fast to avoid injuring the fish. Soft materials like cotton or vinylon threads are ideal for nets used in catching broodstock, with mesh sizes of at least 1.5 cm. A breeding pool is best used 1–3 times to maintain the oxytocin effect, as repeated use can reduce its effectiveness. During netting, only 2–3 people should be in the water to minimize stress on the fish. When handling, gently grasp the chest and support the head, while directing water into the cloth clip that carries the fish. The cloth clips should be wider and longer than the fish, and during delivery, the back end should be slightly raised to prevent slipping. It's also beneficial to include some water in the clip to keep the fish comfortable during transport.
Sex identification is crucial when using oxytocin, especially for squid and lobster fish, which have less obvious secondary sexual characteristics. However, sexually mature individuals are easier to distinguish. Barracuda can typically be identified by the following traits: females have larger, triangular heads, a shorter body height, and a more rounded abdomen, often with a slight curve. During spawning season, the genital papillae appear as peach-shaped red bumps. Males, on the other hand, have oval heads, a taller body, and a slender, almost straight abdomen. Their vent hole is small, with a cylindrical white papilla.
Selecting mature broodstock is essential for successful oxytocin production. While there is no perfect method, fish shape, experience, and seasonal cues are commonly used. For females, look for a soft, elastic belly with visible ovarian outlines and slightly protruding genital pores. If the belly is firm or only swollen in front, it may indicate immaturity. For males, check for thick, milky semen when squeezed.
Egg-digging is another reliable method. A small, smooth probe (3.0–3.5 mm in diameter and about 20 cm long) is inserted into the genital opening to extract eggs. The eggs should be clear, beige or orange, full, and shiny, with a diameter of at least 0.72 mm. This ensures they are suitable for oxytocin induction.
The male-to-female ratio is usually 1.5:1, but this can be adjusted if males are not fully mature. After use, males can be reused.
When administering oxytocin, the dosage depends on the hormone type. For example, pituitary gland doses range from 15–30 mg/kg, HCG from 3500–8000 IU/kg, and LRH-A from 100–300 µg/kg. Mixed injections may also be used, such as LRH-A + HCG + pituitary. Dose adjustments depend on fish maturity, water temperature, and environmental conditions.
Injections can be single or divided. In China, multiple injections are common. The first dose is usually 1/3–1/8 of the total, followed by additional doses. For example, two injections spaced 24 hours apart are often used. The U.S. and Israel have also developed effective protocols using different hormone combinations and timing.
Preparing the injection solution involves dissolving the hormone in sterile water or saline. The pituitary is ground into a paste and mixed thoroughly. Each syringe should be labeled clearly to avoid errors. The solution should be used immediately after preparation to ensure effectiveness.
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