In early spring, the weather is unpredictable, with low temperatures and significant temperature fluctuations between day and night, as well as inside and outside the chicken coop. This period is also a high-risk time for various poultry diseases, which can slow down growth and reduce productivity. To achieve optimal breeding results, there are seven key points to consider:
First, maintaining an appropriate temperature is crucial during late winter and early spring. The temperature difference between day and night can be quite large, so special attention should be given to nighttime temperature control. The chicken house should be well-sealed, with an ideal internal temperature range of 16°C to 26°C. When using coal stoves for heating, it's important to ensure proper ventilation to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning.
Second, balancing insulation and ventilation is essential. Overemphasis on keeping the house warm while neglecting air circulation can lead to poor indoor air quality, allowing harmful bacteria and gases like ammonia and carbon dioxide to accumulate. Prolonged exposure to such conditions can result in health issues like E. coli infections and chronic respiratory diseases in chickens.
Third, improving the nutritional content of feed is vital during this season. As the climate is unstable and chickens have weaker immunity, enhancing the protein content of their feed by 3% to 5% and increasing energy levels can help them better withstand cold and maintain growth.
Fourth, supplemental lighting is necessary because daylight hours are short in early spring. Laying hens may experience reduced egg production due to lack of light. To counter this, artificial lighting can be used, ensuring total daylight exposure stays between 14 and 17 hours. The lighting intensity should be around 2 to 4 watts per square meter.
Fifth, minimizing stress is critical. Chickens are sensitive to environmental changes and easily startled. Maintaining a consistent routine for feeding, watering, cleaning, and disinfecting helps reduce anxiety. Keep the environment calm, avoid sudden noises, and consider adding vitamins or anti-stress supplements to their diet if needed.
Sixth, maintaining cleanliness is a top priority. Regular cleaning and disinfection of the coop, including the surrounding areas, is essential. Garbage and chicken droppings should not be left unattended. Sprinkle lime powder at the entrance and perform regular disinfection with a 3% hot alkali solution every 7 to 10 days. Inside the coop, surfaces and litter should be cleaned with mild disinfectants. Personnel and equipment should be strictly managed, and tools from other farms must be thoroughly sterilized before use.
Lastly, disease prevention and prompt treatment are crucial. Early spring is a peak season for diseases like E. coli, chronic respiratory issues, infectious bronchitis, and avian flu. Regular monitoring and timely consultation with a veterinarian can help prevent outbreaks and minimize losses.
By following these guidelines, you can create a healthier and more productive environment for your poultry during the challenging early spring season.
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