Shunping County has a long history of cultivating persimmon trees, but over the years, the size of these trees has become highly variable, causing significant challenges for local farmers. Based on extensive field experience, the author believes that to manage the size of persimmon trees effectively, a comprehensive and integrated approach is essential.
**1. Management Principles for the Main Year**
Heavy pruning: Persimmon trees tend to produce many female branches each year, leading to an excessive number of sprouts. To prevent the tree from using too much energy in a heavy fruiting year, it's important to encourage the growth of reserve branches. For some of the female branches and those that have already produced fruit, it's advisable to shorten them by about one-third. This helps prepare the tree for the next season and ensures better balance.
Autumn light fertilization and watering: After a heavy fruiting year, persimmon trees store plenty of water and nutrients, which are typically sufficient for budding and flowering. If we don't control the water and fertilizer in the following year, excess nutrients may lead to weaker fruit production, resulting in high yields one year and low yields the next.
Thinning flowers and buds: When the tree is strong, simply relying on pruning and nutrient control isn't enough. Thinning flowers and buds helps regulate fruit numbers, improves fruit quality, and prevents excessive nutrient consumption. This also strengthens the branches and promotes better flower bud formation.
**2. Management Principles for the Small Year**
Winter light pruning: Young persimmon trees have fewer female branches, so it's best to retain as many as possible. The principle should be “see flowers and leaves, see buds and leave buds†to maximize small-year production.
Autumn heavy fertilization and watering: During the small year, persimmon trees often have fewer female branches and weaker ones. Therefore, it's crucial to improve water and fertilizer management. Autumn fertilization doesn’t affect the current year’s fruit quality but helps restore nutrients and strengthen the tree. Applying organic fertilizer early is highly beneficial.
Summer pruning: In summer, when there's ample water and nutrients, persimmon trees grow vigorously. Summer pruning can change how nutrients are distributed, reducing their flow to the top of new shoots and preparing the tree for the next season.
In summary, by implementing these strategies, the problem of large and uneven tree sizes can be effectively managed within 3 to 5 years. With proper care and attention, persimmon farmers in Shunping County can achieve more consistent and sustainable harvests.
Yuping Township, Shunping County.
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