1. Small drive belt: A small four-wheel tractor is typically equipped with three triangular drive belts. However, some machines may only have one or two belts installed, while the third is used intermittently. When the tractor is in operation, the increased load causes the drive belt to slip significantly. This not only reduces transmission efficiency but also lowers the output power. The belt becomes overheated, leading to delamination, deformation, and accelerated wear. Therefore, it's important to avoid overloading the drive belt or using it beyond its designed capacity.
2. Long-term failure to clean the cooling system: The water tank of the tractor has an open top, making it susceptible to dust and debris entering during use and parking. Sometimes, it gets filled with hard, dirty water. Over time, impurities settle at the bottom, and scale builds up, clogging the water passages. This affects engine cooling, increases engine temperature, thins the engine oil, and deteriorates its lubricating properties. As a result, various moving parts wear out faster, components expand, and overall performance declines. In severe cases, it can lead to burnt tiles, seized shafts, and stuck cylinders.
3. Unauthorized modifications: Some drivers make changes to the tractor without proper knowledge, which can damage the original mechanical structure. For example, increasing the pulley size to boost speed can cause several issues. First, changing the gear ratio increases clutch speed and creates more impact loads when the engine speed fluctuates, leading to higher torsional vibrations and shorter clutch life. Second, a larger pulley increases the contact area between the belt and wheel, raising the risk of belt breakage. Third, as speed increases, traction decreases, making transportation and climbing dangerous. Additionally, the increased load raises the engine temperature, thins the oil, and makes it harder to form an oil film, accelerating wear on the crankshaft and other moving parts. Finally, modifying the tractor can reduce its maneuverability and stability, potentially causing brake system wear and failure.
4. Severe overload: Some drivers frequently overload the tractor during transport, putting excessive strain on the engine, transmission, and running components. This leads to increased temperatures, thinner oil, and reduced lubrication. In emergencies, the tractor may not stop in time, increasing braking distance and the risk of accidents. Fuel consumption rises, black smoke comes from the exhaust, and carbon buildup occurs in the combustion chamber, accelerating piston and cylinder wear.
5. Traction start: Some tractors are started by being pulled. However, due to the high viscosity of the oil in the gearbox and oil pan, the resistance increases. If the clutch is engaged too quickly, it puts a heavy impact load on the gears. This method often results in gear failure due to fatigue, especially in cold weather, where it is strictly prohibited. (Yuan Bo)
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