Tibetan Mastiff Breeding and Management Practices
To ensure proper care and development of Tibetan Mastiffs, it's essential to follow scientific feeding and management practices tailored to different life stages. From birth until weaning, the puppy is known as a "Tibetan Mastiff pup." This early stage is crucial for building a strong foundation, improving survival rates, and ensuring healthy growth.
1. **Maintain Appropriate Temperature**: Newborn pups have limited ability to regulate their body temperature, making environmental conditions critical. The kennel should be equipped with iron mesh structures that can be covered with plastic during winter to retain warmth and prevent cold drafts. In summer, remove the plastic and use climbing plants like grapes or gourds for natural shade. Temperature requirements vary by age: 28–32°C for the first 7 days, 27°C from day 8 to 21, and 23°C after 28 days. Keep the area dry and avoid dampness to prevent disease.
2. **Encourage Nursing**: For the first 20 days, the mother’s milk provides essential nutrients. However, as the puppies grow, their nutritional needs increase. Provide the mother with high-quality, easily digestible food to maintain her milk supply. Fresh meat, vegetables, and supplements can help support her health and ensure sufficient milk production.
3. **Enhance Nutritional Value**: By one month of age, the puppies’ rapid growth outpaces the nutrition provided by breast milk. Introduce supplementary foods such as fresh milk, milk powder, broth, cooked egg yolk, and soft gruel. Adding cod liver oil, vitamins, and bone meal will support skeletal development and overall health. Neglecting this stage may lead to weakness, stunted growth, and long-term health issues.
4. **Feed Appropriately**: Tibetan Mastiff pups have small stomachs, so feed them frequently—5–6 times a day. As they grow, gradually increase the quantity and concentration of food to match their increasing energy needs and weight gain.
5. **Ensure Clean Water Supply**: Always provide clean, fresh water. Monitor water quality, temperature, and availability. In summer, water intake increases, so never let the supply run out. Use cool water in hot weather and warm water in colder seasons. Offer water after meals to avoid digestive discomfort.
6. **Prevent and Treat Diseases**: Before giving birth, thoroughly disinfect the whelping area using solutions like 2%–3% caustic soda, 3% chlorhexidine, or 5% formalin. Regularly clean feeding tools with 2% potassium permanganate. After birth, administer deworming medication like levamisole (1 tablet per 2.5 kg body weight) and repeat after 30 days. Vaccinate at two months old to protect against common diseases.
By following these detailed steps, breeders can ensure the well-being and healthy development of Tibetan Mastiff puppies, setting them up for a strong and active future.
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