Physical control of pests in stored grain

First, sunlight high-temperature pest control: On sunny summer days, spread food on the field (excluding rice, peanuts, and powdery items) to a thickness of 3–5 cm. Turn it every half hour. Once the temperature rises above 45°C, after about 2 hours, the pests will die. To prevent insects from escaping during the process, spray insecticides like dichlorvos or malathion around the drying area, at least 2 meters away from the grain pile, for a period of 4 weeks. For long-term storage of wheat, rice, and similar grains, they can be dried in the sun first to enhance the insecticidal effect. However, seed grains should not be exposed to heat and must be stored only after they have cooled down to room temperature. Second, indoor freezer pest control: If you have a freezer and don’t have too much food, you can freeze small batches of infested food. Place the food in the freezer at -10°C for 12 hours, then remove and store it in a sealed container in a cool place. Third, boiling water immersion for worm removal: This method is suitable for broad beans and peas. If there are worms in a small amount of stored beans or peas at home, place them in a bamboo basket and immerse them in boiling water while stirring continuously. After 25–28 seconds, quickly remove the basket and put it into cold water to cool. Then spread the beans out to dry. This method kills 100% of the hidden insects without affecting the germination ability of the beans. Fourth, moisture-proof and pest control using desiccants: Most grain pests do not thrive when the moisture content is low. For example, corn cannot survive if the moisture level drops below 10%. After fully drying the food, store it in cabinets, jars, or other containers, leaving some space at the top. Place a few layers of paper on top, and fill the paper with ash that has moisture-absorbing properties. Then seal the container tightly to effectively prevent dampness and pest infestation. Fifth, plant-based fumigation for pest control: This method works best when farmers have small quantities of grain. Crush pepper or fennel into a fine powder and put it into small gauze bags, about 12 grams per bag. Bury these bags evenly within the stored food. For every 50 kilograms of food, use two such bags. This natural method helps repel and kill pests. Cai Hongxia

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