In the growing season of apple trees, budding grafting is commonly used, typically employing either the hardwood shoots of Dongzao or the lateral buds from one-year-old green shoots. However, for two consecutive years, the author experimented with using the top buds of green shoots and achieved promising results. This method offers several advantages: it's simple to perform, has a high survival rate, and promotes straight and rapid growth of the rootstock, with an increase of about 30% compared to traditional methods. It is especially suitable for rootstocks that haven’t reached the standard grafting thickness and is ideal for autumn patching. The downside is that only one shoot can be used per graft, limiting the number of available buds. Additionally, the timing is critical, making it less suitable for large-scale application.
The technique involves selecting a green shoot with a developed top bud. A diagonal cut is made approximately 0.5 cm below the bud, creating a wedge shape on both sides with a total length of around 1.5 cm. This bud is then inserted into a matching incision on the rootstock, which is also cut diagonally downward, about half a centimeter above the ground. The rootstock incision should be slightly longer than the bud’s cut and about one-third the depth of the rootstock. After aligning the bud properly, it is secured with a binding material. It’s important to cover the bud completely but leave a small gap to allow for smooth growth once the graft takes. Immediately after grafting, the young part of the rootstock should be removed. Usually, the graft will show signs of growth within 5 to 7 days. Once the graft survives, a second pruning is recommended—cutting back the graft site to 15–20 cm. When the new growth reaches about 15 cm, another pruning and tying is done to encourage strong development.
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