The size and quality of fish species play a crucial role in their survival during the winter season. Studies have shown that smaller fish tend to have lower survival rates due to their limited energy reserves and reduced ability to withstand cold temperatures. As autumn approaches, water temperatures gradually drop, and fish shift their growth focus from increasing body length to gaining weight. During this time, they accumulate essential nutrients to sustain themselves through the winter. Therefore, it is vital to implement proper fish management and breeding practices in the fall, especially for smaller fish. By applying intensive cultivation methods, these fish can increase their body weight more quickly, ensuring they are strong enough to survive the winter.
First, adjust stocking density and sort fish by size. In the fall, when the weather is still mild, you can select fish of different sizes from the pond and sort them into three categories: large (20 cm), medium (around 15 cm), and small (less than 15 cm). Larger fish can be moved to ponds with better conditions, while medium and small fish should be intensively raised. The recommended stocking density for a pond about 1.5 meters deep is typically between 3,000 to 5,000 fish per pond. This helps optimize growth and ensures better resource utilization.
Second, monitor water quality and feed appropriately. Along with maintaining suitable water fertility through fertilization, fish farms raising species like puffer and bream should also provide supplementary feeds. For example, feeding bran or cake at 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., or using compound feed at a rate of 0.5 to 1 kg per 1,000 fish. Additionally, green fodder such as duckweed, young grass, and straw pulp should be included in the diet. For ponds primarily stocked with grass carp, adding castor cake, rice bran, cottonseed meal, wheat bran, or compound feed will help improve their nutrition and promote healthy growth.
Third, enhance overall management and prioritize disease prevention. Autumn is a peak season for fish diseases, particularly grass carp disease, which can be very severe. Regular patrols should be conducted throughout the day to monitor fish behavior and feeding habits. Any leftover food should be removed promptly, and feeding areas should be kept clean and disinfected regularly. Disease-resistant bait and antibiotics should be administered periodically. Water quality must be closely monitored, and fresh water should be added when necessary. Every 20 days or so, apply quicklime (approximately 20 kilograms per mu) to improve water conditions and prevent diseases from spreading. Early detection and treatment are key to maintaining a healthy fish population.
Foley Catheter
A Foley catheter is a flexible medical tube that is inserted into the bladder through the urethra to drain urine. It is commonly used in medical settings when a patient is unable to urinate on their own or needs continuous bladder drainage especially after undergoing some kinds of surgeries. The catheter has a balloon at the end that is inflated once inside the bladder to keep it in place. The urine drains into a urine collection bag attached to the foley catheter. Foley catheters come in different sizes from 6FR - 10FR (pediatric) and 12FR-24FR (adult) and are made typically from latex or silicone. Silicone is superior from every sides comparing to latex foley catheter.
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