In a poultry farm, veterinary technicians should visit the chicken house at least twice a day to stay updated on the health and condition of the flock. This regular monitoring allows for early detection of issues and timely intervention. During each inspection, the technicians should pay attention to the following ten key points:
(a) Monitoring harmful gases is crucial. The most dangerous gases for chickens are ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. Ammonia is highly volatile and irritating; if a strong smell is detected when entering the house, it means ammonia levels have already exceeded safe limits. Similarly, a faint smell of hydrogen sulfide near the floor level indicates severe overexposure. There are several signs that confirm excessive hydrogen sulfide in the air:
- Copper fixtures may turn black due to copper sulfate formation.
- A white precipitate may appear on galvanized metal surfaces.
- Black pigments in artwork may fade.
Additionally, care must be taken to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning for both humans and chickens.
When any of these gases exceed safe levels, immediate action is necessary. Increasing ventilation and replacing bedding materials can help reduce the concentration of harmful gases and protect the chickens’ health.
(b) Temperature control is vital for raising healthy chickens. Technicians should check the thermometer readings and compare them with the ideal temperature range. If there is a significant deviation, warming or cooling measures should be applied immediately. Management staff should be informed to maintain the temperature within the required range.
(c) Ventilation is another critical factor. Poor ventilation can lead to respiratory problems and poor air quality. Especially during winter, people often focus only on keeping the house warm and neglect proper airflow. Good ventilation ensures that the chickens remain active and the air stays fresh without any unpleasant odors. When the temperature and ventilation are optimal, the environment feels comfortable. However, if the chickens show signs of breathing difficulties, heavy breathing, or if the air smells strongly and dust is visible, it indicates poor ventilation. In such cases, ventilation should be improved immediately.
(d) Checking the feces is an important part of the inspection. Normal feces from laying hens are soft, while broiler feces are typically more formed. Certain diseases, such as coccidiosis or infectious bronchitis, can cause diarrhea. Any unusual color, such as blood in the feces, should be noted and investigated further. Early identification of such symptoms can help prevent the spread of disease and ensure prompt treatment.
Other checks include observing the overall behavior of the chickens, checking for signs of illness, ensuring feed and water are clean and available, and maintaining hygiene in the coop. Regular inspections help maintain a healthy and productive environment for the flock.
By following these guidelines, veterinary technicians can effectively monitor and manage the health of the chickens, ensuring their well-being and productivity.
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