Half-feeding combine harvesters, such as Yanmar and Kubota models, offer superior harvesting performance, better threshing quality, and lower power consumption compared to full-feed machines due to their unique crop-holding and threshing technologies. These machines are widely favored by farmers for their efficiency and reliability. However, in certain situations—especially during the late rice harvest in some regions—threshing issues can still occur. Based on analysis of service reports from Xianyang Town, Pucheng County, several key factors contribute to improper threshing in semi-feeding combines.
First, the operating environment and operator skill play a critical role. These machines require specific conditions to function optimally. For example, crop height is crucial: the vertical header must be adjusted properly. If the crop is too tall or too short, it may not enter the threshing chamber correctly, leading to incomplete threshing. Similarly, the maturity of the crop affects performance. Farmers sometimes rush the harvest due to weather or time constraints, which results in higher moisture content and stiffer stems, making it harder to separate grains from straw. This issue becomes more pronounced at high speeds.
Operator technique also matters. Some operators prioritize speed over quality, failing to follow proper procedures, which leads to poor threshing outcomes. To address these challenges, operators should adjust the machine’s speed based on crop conditions, maintain optimal engine speed to ensure consistent threshing drum rotation, and avoid overloading the system. They should also adjust the header height to ensure only the crop heads enter the threshing chamber, preventing excessive load and improving cleaning efficiency.
Another important factor is the machine’s internal condition. The header and threshing chamber are critical components. Issues like misaligned cutters, worn blades, or faulty conveyor chains can lead to uneven crop feeding, resulting in unclean threshing. Regular maintenance is essential. Operators should check and replace worn parts, adjust blade gaps, and ensure proper chain tension. In the threshing chamber, worn arches, concave screens, and drum walls can increase the threshing gap, causing leakage and reducing efficiency. Timely replacement of damaged parts and sharpening of cutting knives can help maintain performance.
In summary, addressing these issues through proper operation, regular maintenance, and attention to crop conditions can significantly improve threshing quality. By following the correct procedures and understanding the machine’s working principles, most problems can be resolved effectively, ensuring clean and efficient harvesting operations.
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