Ducks between 3 to 7 weeks of age are referred to as growing ducks or middle-aged chicks. This is the period when they grow and develop most rapidly, requiring a high level of nutrients in their diet. They have a strong appetite and consume large amounts of feed. During this stage, their ability to adapt to the external environment is strong, making them relatively easy to manage. The key aspects of raising and managing these ducks include:
**(I) Transition Period Feeding**
1. **Feed Adjustment**: As ducks move from the brooding house to the growing house, it's important to gradually introduce them to the new feed 3-5 days before the transfer. This helps them adapt smoothly and avoid digestive issues.
2. **Temperature Control**: In colder seasons like winter and early spring, temperature-controlled brooding is necessary. However, during other times, natural temperatures are usually sufficient. If there's a significant difference (up to 3-5°C), a slight increase in temperature for the first few days can prevent colds and other diseases.
3. **Fasting Before Transport**: Ducks should be fasted before being moved to reduce stress and prevent health problems during transit.
4. **Gradual Expansion of Space**: If using a raised floor system, start by confining ducks to a small area. After 2-3 days of movement, when their leg muscles strengthen, gradually expand their space. Sudden exposure to a larger area can lead to leg problems or even paralysis.
**(II) Nutrition During the Growing Phase**
During this phase, ducks grow quickly and need balanced, nutrient-rich feed. Full-mash compound feed is recommended, as it improves growth rates, shortens the rearing period, increases feed efficiency, and reduces waste. Scientific studies show that this type of feed enhances economic returns.
**(III) Feeding Practices**
Feed ducks four times a day, with consistent timing and measured portions. Use full-mash compound feed, or mix powdered feed with water and spread it on a bucket or plastic sheet. Ducks tend to drink and wash their mouths after eating, so provide clean water in shallow containers or troughs.
**(IV) Management Tips**
1. **Clean and Dry Environment**: Keep the duck house clean and dry. While the setup is simple, proper shelter from wind and rain is essential. In summer, provide shade; in winter, ensure insulation.
2. **Appropriate Stocking Density**: For meat ducks, keep 8-10 per square meter. For dual-purpose breeds, 10-15 per square meter. Adjust density as ducks grow to avoid overcrowding, which can affect feeding and growth.
3. **Group Feeding**: Divide ducks into smaller groups based on size and strength. Focus extra care on underweight or slower-growing ducks to help them catch up, while ensuring faster-growing ones are not overfed.
4. **Lighting**: Maintain 23 hours of light per day to support healthy growth and development.
5. **Grit Supply**: Provide small gravel or add it to their feed. This aids digestion, improves feed conversion, and boosts overall health and immunity.
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