Herring, also known as Qingyi, Wuqing, and Luofuqing, is a highly valued fish species due to its large size and tender flesh. It holds the top position among the "Four Home Fishes" and is widely preferred by consumers. Due to its high market demand and limited supply, raising herring in ponds can be a profitable venture.
To prepare the pond for herring farming, it's essential to ensure a clean water source with no pollution. The water depth should be maintained between 1.5 to 2.5 meters, and the pond area should range from 5 to 10 mu. The pond must be sturdy, leak-proof, and have a flat bottom with minimal silt. Before stocking, excess silt should be removed, and the pond should be dried and exposed for several days. Then, add 30 cm of water and treat the entire pond with 150 kg of lime per acre. Water should be filtered every 2 to 3 days, and 50 kg of tea seed cake per acre should be soaked overnight and then scattered into the pond. A reliable power supply is necessary, along with a 3-kilowatt impeller aerator for every 3 to 5 mu of water. A feeding device should also be installed to manage feeding efficiently.
When introducing fish, make sure all disinfectants are no longer toxic, and use filtered water to prevent wild fish from entering the pond. Stocking should take place before or after the end of February when water temperatures are low, and the fish scales are tight, reducing the risk of injury during handling. For each acre, stock 200–250 second-instar black carp (1 kg each), 100 carp (0.3 kg each), 50 crucian carp, and 50 Ukrainian carp (20 lbs each). Before placing them in the pond, dip the fingerlings in copper sulfate (8 g/m²) and bleaching powder (1 g/m²) for 20–30 minutes, or use a 3–5% salt solution for 15 minutes.
Feed the herring with artificial compound feed containing at least 30% crude protein. The feed particles should be 4 mm in diameter, with a length of 1.5 to 2 times the diameter. Construct a feeding station using wooden or bamboo boards extending 3–4 meters from the center of the pond. Gradually train the fish to gather at the feeding station using a bait feeder. Daily feeding rates vary by month: 1.5% in March, 2.0% in April, 3.0% in May, 4.5% in June, 5.5% in July, 6.5% in August, 5.0% in September, 3.0% in October, and 2.0% in November. Adjust feeding based on water temperature, quality, fish behavior, and health. Feed 3–4 times daily.
Daily management includes regular pond inspections in the morning and evening to monitor water quality and fish activity. From June to September, turn on the aerator for 1–2 hours at noon on sunny days and at midnight during rainy weather. If fish show signs of floating heads, run the aerator until dawn. Maintain good water quality by regularly adding fresh water and ensuring it meets the "fat, live, tender, and cool" standards. In June, apply quicklime once every 15–20 days at a rate of 15–20 kg per mu. Prevent diseases by disinfecting the entire pond with chlorine-based products and incorporating medication into the feed.
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