In a recent visit to Hainan Nongfengbao Fertilizer Co., Ltd. in Haikou, the reporter witnessed an innovative transformation of sludge from the Baishamen Sewage Treatment Plant into high-quality organic fertilizer. Once considered a problematic waste product, the sludge has now been turned into a valuable resource through advanced processing techniques involving crushing, adding auxiliary materials, sun-drying, and biochemical composting.
The sludge, which was once seen as dirty and smelly, is now being treated with biotechnology by Nongfengbao, turning it into safe and effective bio-organic fertilizers suitable for various crops. This process not only reduces environmental pollution but also supports sustainable agriculture. The company has successfully addressed the issue of sludge disposal, which had previously caused significant challenges for local sewage treatment plants.
As urbanization accelerates in China, the volume of sewage has increased dramatically, leading to a surge in sludge production. Traditionally, this sludge has been either incinerated or landfilled, both of which come with their own set of problems. Incineration requires substantial investment and is rarely used in China, while landfilling leads to land degradation, groundwater contamination, and secondary pollution—challenges that have long plagued the industry.
At the Baishamen Sewage Treatment Plant, which has been operating since 1999, approximately 40,000 tons of sludge are generated annually. Previously, most of this was transported to a landfill, costing around 2.5 million yuan per year. However, the process led to strong public opposition due to foul odors and high transportation costs, causing sludge to pile up at the plant and disrupt daily operations.
Environmental assessments revealed that the heavy metal content in the sludge was well below national standards, making it suitable for use as a raw material in organic fertilizers. Recognizing this opportunity, Nongfengbao stepped in and, with support from the local government, signed a contract in late 2002 to purchase all the sludge from the plant at 15 yuan per ton.
Since then, the company has collaborated with research institutions to develop microbial treatment methods that eliminate harmful pathogens such as nematodes and E. coli. Using this process, they have created over 20 types of organic, compound, and microbial fertilizers. These products passed environmental and quality inspections and were launched in 2002, quickly gaining popularity in Hainan’s agricultural sector for crops like rubber, off-season vegetables, and tropical fruits.
Through years of research, Nongfengbao has achieved notable technological breakthroughs, including the "Urban Sludge Harmless Agricultural Technology" and the "Development and Application of Non-environmental Biological Fertilizer Fermentative Bacteria (Green Bacteria)." According to experts, the organic fertilizers made from sludge offer higher nitrogen content and better nutrient absorption efficiency compared to those made from livestock manure.
Moreover, the entire sludge processing system achieves 100% utilization, effectively reducing waste and turning it into a harmless and valuable resource. Nongfengbao's success in implementing a circular economy model has drawn attention nationwide, with numerous sewage treatment facilities and water supply companies across provinces like Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Shandong visiting to learn from their experience. The company’s chairman has even been invited as a consultant in cities such as Dalian and Qingdao.
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