Herring, also known as Qingyi, Wuqing, and Luofuqing, is a highly prized fish due to its large size and tender meat. It holds the top position among the "Four Home Fishes" and is very popular among consumers. Due to its high market demand and limited supply, raising herring in ponds can be a profitable venture.
To prepare the pond for herring farming, it's essential to ensure a clean and stable water environment with no pollution. The water depth should be maintained between 1.5 and 2.5 meters, and the pond area should range from 5 to 10 mu. The pond must be solid and leak-proof, with a flat bottom, minimal silt, and plenty of sunlight. Before stocking, excess silt should be removed, and the pond should be dried and exposed for several days. Then, fill it with 30 cm of water and apply 150 kg of lime per acre to disinfect the entire pool. Water should be filtered every 2–3 days, and 50 kg of tea seed cake per acre should be soaked overnight and then scattered into the water. A reliable power supply is necessary, and an impeller-type aerator (3 kW) should be installed for every 3–5 mu of water. A feeding device is also recommended to streamline the feeding process.
Fish stocking should take place before or after the end of February when the water temperature is low, ensuring tight scales and reducing stress during handling. Each acre should be stocked with 200–250 second-instar black carp fingerlings weighing 1 kg, 100 common carp at 0.3 kg each, 50 silver carp, and 50 Ukrainian carp at 20 pounds each. Before introducing them to the pond, all fingerlings should be bathed in copper sulfate (8 g/m²) and bleaching powder (1 g/m²) for 20–30 minutes, or immersed in 3%–5% saline for 15 minutes to prevent disease.
Feeding should be done with artificial compound feed containing at least 30% crude protein. The feed particles should be 4 mm in diameter, with a length of 1.5–2 times the diameter. Wooden or bamboo boards can be used to build a feeding station extending 3–4 meters from the center of the pond. Herring should be acclimated gradually to the feeding station using a bait feeder. Daily feeding rates vary by month: 1.5% in March, 2.0% in April, 3.0% in May, 4.5% in June, 5.5% in July, 6.5% in August, 5.0% in September, 3.0% in October, and 2.0% in November. Adjustments should be made based on water temperature, quality, fish health, and feeding behavior. Feed the fish 3–4 times daily.
Daily management includes regular pond inspections in the morning and evening to monitor water quality and fish activity. From June to September, the aerator should be turned on for 1–2 hours at noon on sunny days, and during rainy weather, it should be operated at midnight. If floating heads are observed, the aerator must be activated until dawn. Water quality should be maintained by regularly adding fresh water, ensuring it meets the standards of being "fat, live, tender, and cool." In June, lime (15–20 kg per mu) should be sprinkled every 15–20 days. To prevent diseases, the entire pond should be disinfected with chlorine-based products, and medicated feed should be used to enhance fish immunity.
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