1. Variety Selection
Choose cauliflower varieties that are vigorous, heat-tolerant, disease-resistant, and early-maturing. These characteristics ensure better growth performance and higher yields under different environmental conditions.
2. Timely Sowing
The sowing time varies depending on the variety and local climate. In the Zhengzhou area, the ideal sowing period is between June 20 and July 10. This timing allows seedlings to develop properly before the summer heat sets in.
3. Cultivating Strong Seedlings
Strong seedlings should be around 20–25 days old, with 4–5 true leaves, large leaf area, thick stems, and a well-developed root system. To prepare the nutrient soil, mix 6 parts of sterilized field soil (preferably from a field not previously planted with cruciferous crops) with 4 parts decomposed organic manure. Add 500 grams of compound fertilizer per cubic meter of soil. Also, mix in 100 grams of mycelium and 100 grams of trichlorfon for disease control. Soak the nutrient pots before sowing, and plant 1–3 seeds per pot. Cover with a thin layer of dry soil (0.5–1 cm thick), and cover the seedbed with a shade net to protect against rain and sunburn.
4. Reasonable Planting Density
Plant seedlings when they are 20–25 days old and have developed 4 true leaves. Cauliflower has a deep root system and requires rich nutrients. Before planting, apply sufficient base fertilizer: 10 cubic meters of farmyard manure or 200 kg of cake fertilizer combined with 25 kg of compound fertilizer per acre. Create raised beds that are 15 cm high and 50 cm wide. Plant two rows on each bed, spacing plants 40 cm apart, resulting in 2,500–3,000 plants per acre.
5. Field Management
After transplanting, water the field thoroughly twice in a row to help the seedlings establish. Afterward, follow the principle of watering only when the soil surface dries out, to encourage deep root development. Once the seedlings have 9 true leaves, keep the soil consistently moist. Combine watering with top-dressing: apply 5 kg of urea per mu every 10 days. When the flower head starts to form, apply 20 kg of urea per mu and spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate or Jian Bo solution on the leaves to improve quality and resistance.
6. Timely Harvesting
Harvest when the base of the flower head begins to slightly loosen, indicating full maturity. At this stage, the cauliflower has reached its best flavor and texture, ensuring high market value and consumer satisfaction.
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