1. Variety Selection
Choose cauliflower varieties that are vigorous, heat-tolerant, disease-resistant, and early-maturing. These characteristics ensure better growth and higher yield under varying environmental conditions. Selecting the right variety is crucial for successful cultivation and marketability.
2. Timely Sowing
The sowing time varies depending on the variety and local climate. In the Zhengzhou area, the ideal sowing window is between June 20th and July 10th. This timing allows seedlings to grow strong before the summer heat sets in, ensuring a healthy start for the plants.
3. Cultivating Strong Seedlings
Strong seedlings are essential for a successful crop. They should be 20 to 25 days old, with 4 to 5 true leaves, large leaf area, thick stems, and a well-developed root system. Before starting, prepare nutrient soil by mixing 6 parts of sterilized field soil (preferably from a non-cruciferous area) with 4 parts of decomposed organic manure. Add 500 grams of compound fertilizer per cubic meter of soil. Also, mix in 100 grams of mycelium and 100 grams of trichlorfon to prevent diseases. Soak the seedling trays before sowing, and plant 1–3 seeds per tray. Cover with a thin layer of dry soil (0.5–1 cm) and use a shade net to protect against heavy rain and sunburn.
4. Proper Planting Density
Transplant seedlings when they are 20–25 days old and have developed 4 true leaves. Cauliflower has a deep root system and requires adequate nutrients. Apply sufficient base fertilizer before planting: 10 cubic meters of farmyard manure or 200 kg of cake fertilizer combined with 25 kg of compound fertilizer per acre. Create raised beds that are 15 cm high and 50 cm wide. Plant seedlings on both sides of the ridge, spacing them 40 cm apart. Aim for 2,500 to 3,000 plants per acre to optimize space and resource use.
5. Field Management
After transplanting, water the plants thoroughly to help them establish quickly. From then on, water according to the principle of "water when the soil is dry but not too wet," promoting strong root development. Once the ninth true leaf appears, keep the soil consistently moist. Combine watering with top-dressing: apply 5 kg of urea per mu every 10 days. When the flower head starts to form, apply 20 kg of urea per mu and spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate or Jian Bo solution on the leaves to enhance quality and resistance to pests and diseases.
6. Timely Harvesting
Cauliflower is ready for harvest when the base of the flower head begins to loosen slightly. At this stage, the head is fully developed, with a firm texture and excellent flavor. Harvesting at the right time ensures the best quality and market value.
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