To ensure a successful soft-shelled turtle farming operation, it's essential to follow a well-structured approach that covers pond construction, seed selection, feeding practices, water management, and disease prevention. Here's a detailed and improved version of the original content:
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1. **Pond Construction**
Soft-shelled turtles are sensitive creatures that prefer quiet environments. They are easily startled by noise and avoid strong winds or dirty surroundings. Therefore, when building a pond, choose a location that is calm, shaded, and has good drainage and irrigation systems. For self-breeding farms, it's recommended to construct five types of ponds: one for newly hatched turtles, one for young turtles, one for third-instar juveniles, one for growing turtles, and one for breeding adults. The pond bottom should not be sandy; if it is, replace it with clay or loam. Ponds should have designated areas for feeding and basking. To prevent escape, install 1-meter-high barriers made of bricks or asbestos along the edges.
2. **Seed Selection**
The main sources of soft-shelled turtles include factory-bred stock and wild-caught individuals from the market. Regardless of the source, all turtles must be quarantined for at least 15 days before being introduced into the pond. Injured or weak turtles should be isolated and treated before being placed in the main pond. It's important to select healthy, active turtles that respond quickly to stimuli. A general stocking density is 100–150 kg per 667 square meters, with a maximum of 200 kg.
3. **Feeding Practices**
While commercial fishmeal is commonly used, it can be expensive and of inconsistent quality, leading to digestive issues like enteritis. A more sustainable and cost-effective method is to use natural feed sources such as leftover animal scraps from nearby restaurants, snails, small fish, shrimp, leeches, and aquatic plants. You can also cultivate mud loaches, snails, and clams in your own pond. Adding plant-based feeds like bran, corn flour, soybean meal, and small amounts of fruits and minerals can enhance nutrition. Mix these ingredients and feed them regularly.
4. **Water Quality Management**
Although soft-shelled turtles breathe air, they spend most of their time in water. Maintaining clean, oxygen-rich water is crucial for their health. Keep the water depth between 0.3 to 0.4 meters, and change one-third of the water every three days. Maintain a greenish tint to help reduce stress and aggression among turtles. Adding floating plants like water lilies or water hyacinths can improve water quality. Change the water every four days, replacing about a quarter each time to keep the environment fresh and cool.
5. **Disease Prevention and Control**
Soft-shelled turtles are prone to several diseases, including:
- **Mycosis (Water Mold):** Appears as white patches on limbs and necks. Treat by dipping affected turtles in a 1/15,000 malachite green solution for 2–3 minutes daily for seven days.
- **Neck Disease:** Swollen neck with bleeding from mouth and nose. Disinfect the pond using "rich chlorine" and treat with "healthy" medication.
- **Red Neck Disease:** Severe swelling, red spots, and internal bleeding. Prevent by regular disinfection with lime water and add antibiotics like chloramphenicol and oxytetracycline to the feed.
- **Intestinal Inflammation:** Foul-smelling feces and slow movement. Add garlic juice or onion to the feed for 7 days.
- **Hemorrhagic Disease:** Internal bleeding and lesions. Isolate affected turtles and treat with "healthy," sulfonamide, or antibiotics.
- **White Spot Disease:** White patches on skin, especially in young turtles. Apply 1% malachite green ointment to the affected area.
- **Turnip Disease:** Skin erosion and claw loss. Use disinfectants like "chlorinated" and apply sulfa drugs in solution.
- **Cold Disease:** Caused by sudden temperature changes. Ensure new water is at the same temperature as the existing pond water to avoid shock.
By following these guidelines, farmers can significantly improve the survival rate and growth of soft-shelled turtles while maintaining a healthy and sustainable breeding environment.
Flavonoids Powder
Flavonoid powder is a class of compounds with various biological activities. Such as Flavonoids powder, Pueraria Mirifica Powder, Mulberry Leaf Extract, Citrus Aurantium Extract, and Seabuckthorn. Here's a breakdown of their categories:
Flavonoid powder can be mainly divided into the following categories:
Flavonols: such as quercetin, kaempferol, etc., are mostly found in vegetables, fruits, and tea, with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other effects.
Flavonoids: such as apigenin, widely distributed in plants, have certain benefits to the cardiovascular system.
Flavanones: such as hesperidin, etc., with antioxidants, blood lipid, and other functions.
Isoflavones: such as soy isoflavones, which are mainly found in legumes, have important implications for women's health, such as regulating estrogen levels.
Anthocyanins: such as centaurin, geranium, etc., make the plant show a rich color, with strong antioxidant activity.
Different types of flavonoid powders differ in structure and biological activity, and together they play an important role in human health.
In general, flavonoid powder is relatively safe at normal doses.
Flavonoid powder has certain antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other biological activities, which may be beneficial to human health.
Flavonoids Powder,Pueraria Mirifica Powder,Mulberry Leaf Extract,Citrus Aurantium Extract,Seabuckthorn
Shaanxi Changsheng Industrial Co., Ltd. , https://www.cncsbio.com