With the adjustment of the industrial structure of agriculture, the area of ​​planting asparagus in our city is getting bigger and bigger. In order to allow farmers to increase their income more quickly, the losses caused by pests and diseases caused by asparagus will be reduced to a minimum. Here I introduce the occurrence and prevention of five major diseases of asparagus. For the reference of the majority of farmers. First, asparagus Blight 1. Symptoms. Asparagus blight, also known as blight, is a soil-borne disease. Initially, individual plants in the field became yellow and wilting. After the disease expanded, the whole plant withered and the stems became infected. The leaves and stems became brown or longitudinally split. The underground stems and roots of the diseased plants were brown spots, and the diseased parts later rotted, producing white to pink. Mildew, young shoots infected, stems are small or unable to unearth. 2, pathogens and transmission routes. The pathogen is an asparagus type of Fusarium oxysporum, and the pathogenic bacteria are wintering in the soil with chlamydospore. In the following year, conidiospores are produced by rainwater or irrigation water, and are invaded by wounds to injure the stems and roots. After the onset of disease, a large number of conidia are produced for reinfection. The soil in the production is prone to disease. 3, control methods. (1) The nursery is not suitable for continuous cropping. (2) Apply sufficiently mature organic fertilizer and use asparagus special fertilizer to prevent burning roots or roots. (3) Strengthen management, timely remove weeds, drain water in time after rain, reduce soil moisture, and prevent moisture retention. (4) spraying or watering 36% thiophanate-methyl 600 times solution or 50% carbendazim WP 700 times, or 1:1:160 times Bordeaux mixture, 77% can kill WP 500 times. Liquid for prevention and treatment. Second, asparagus root rot disease 1, symptoms. The main damage stem base or root, the initial disease part becomes brown, the cortex rot gradually, leaving only the epidermis and vascular bundles, white mycelium under the epidermis, serious roots all rotten, root ulceration, plant yellow, dwarf or withered Wilt death, generally not falling leaves, this is different from blight. 2, pathogens and transmission routes. The pathogen is the Fusarium moniliforme fungus. The pathogen can survive for 2 years on the seeds. When the seeds germinate, the conidia germinate, the germ tube grows, and the genital root causes the disease. 3, control methods with asparagus three, asparagus anthrax 1, symptoms. The main hazards stems, stems lesions gray to light brown, spindle-shaped or irregular shape, late Minister of disease out of small black spots. 2, pathogens and transmission routes. The pathogen is a subphylum Ascomycotina fungus in the phylum Aspergillus, with mycelium and conidia on the diseased body for wintering, in April-June in the following year by rainwater, rapid in the rainy season, and in drought or drought-free years. light. 3, control methods. (1) Dispose of the diseased body in time when harvesting, and concentrate deeply or destroy it. (2) Application of decomposed organic fertilizer. (3) Pay attention to drainage after the onset of the disease and prevent flooding. Flooding should be arranged in the morning to reduce condensation at night. (4) Spray 70% mancozeb WP 500 times, 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times, 80% anthrax WP WP 800 times, spray once every 10 days for continuous control 2 - 3 times, 7 days before harvest. Fourth, asparagus stalk rot 1, symptoms. The main hazard was young bamboo shoots, young bamboo shoots were injured after unearthing, and the initial stalk showed water-soaked spots, which gradually expanded, then invaded the stem, and the stem tissue rotted. The aboveground part was withered, and the hygroscopic hyphae appeared on the stem surface. body. 2, pathogens and transmission routes. Pathogen is a kind of Pythium, which belongs to the flagellin subphylum. It lives in mycelium or sclerotium in winter. It can rot for 2-3 years. The mycelium invades the host directly, spreads through the water stream, farm implements, sows the plant densely, and humidity. Big vulnerability. 3, control methods. (1) The use of sorghum or ridge cultivation, should not be too dense. (2) Strengthen the field management, drain water in time after rain, and reduce soil moisture. (3) Remove diseased bamboo shoots in a timely manner, concentrate deep or burn, and reduce the source of bacteria. (4) Use drip irrigation or sub-film irrigation to prevent flooding. (5) At the beginning of onset, spray 75% EDPH 500-fold WP or 64% WP 500-fold, 72% DuPont Kelu WP 800-1000 times, stop before harvesting 3 days medicine. V. Asparagus virus disease 1. Symptoms: Asparagus virus disease does not have obvious symptoms in the field, and the diseased plants grow thin, curved, and yellow, and the yield is significantly reduced. 2, pathogens and transmission routes. Asparagus virus No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 are the pathogens, and the seeds can pass through the virus. The sap can also pass the virus, but the worm does not transmit the virus. 3, control methods. (1) Use a knife at harvest, disinfect the knife if necessary, and prevent the virus from passing through the juice. (2) In order to prevent seed poisoning, seed should be collected from a disease-free plant, and if necessary, detoxification can be performed using a tip-tip detoxification technique. (3) In the early stage of disease, spray 20% poisonous nemesis wettable powder 500-600 times liquid or 0.5% antitoxic agent I liquid 300-350 times liquid, 5% spirulina wettable powder 500 times liquid, 20% virus spirit water-soluble powder 500 times liquid, spray once every 7-10d, even spray 3 times, withdrawal 3d before harvest.
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