Summer beef cattle do not like to eat? Design Principles and Ideas of Beef Cattle Diet Formulation

As soon as summer arrived, many cattle farmers reported that their cattle did not like to eat. Indeed, when the weather is hot, cattle are easy to not eat. Therefore, the configuration of the feed formula at this time is particularly important. The following small series will tell you about the basic ideas and principles of the formula.

1. Nutritional principle

(1) Rational design of the nutritional level of the feed formula

The level of design feed formula must be based on feeding standards, and the nutritional level of the diet should be adjusted in time according to animal production performance, feeding technology level and feeding equipment, feeding environment conditions, market conditions, etc. In particular, the influence of the external environment and processing conditions on the active ingredients in the feed ingredients should be considered. Pay special attention to the balance between nutrients when designing a formula, that is, full price. Sometimes even if the supply of various nutrients can meet or exceed the required amount, but there is no balance between the nutrients that are guaranteed to be antagonistic, instead, nutritional deficiency or production performance declines. The formulation should focus on the balance between energy and protein, between amino acids, between mineral elements, and between antibiotics and vitamins. The relative proportion between nutrients is more important than the absolute content of a single nutrient.

(2) Reasonable selection of feed ingredients

Whether the feed formula is balanced or not depends to a large extent on the nutrient value of the raw materials used in the design. Whenever possible, select the type of raw material as much as possible. The nutrient value of raw materials should be as representative as possible, avoid extreme figures, and pay attention to the specifications, grades and quality characteristics of raw materials. It is best to make an actual measurement of important indicators of important raw materials to provide an accurate reference. In addition to considering the nutrient content and nutritional value of the feed ingredients, the palatability of the raw materials, the influence of the raw materials on the flavor and appearance of the animal products, the digestibility of the feed and the bulk density are also considered.

The palatability of the feed directly affects the feed intake of the beef cattle. If the feed intake is reduced, the purpose of increasing nutrition and daily gain will not be achieved. The appropriate ratio of coarse and fine should be selected according to different growth stages. On a dry matter basis, the proportion of roughage in the diet should be 40% to 60%, and the concentrate can be as high as 70% to 80% during the fattening.

(3) Correctly handle the relationship between the design value of compound feed formula and nutritional standard value

A certain nutrient in the compound feed is often provided by a variety of raw materials, and there is a certain difference between the nutrient content of each raw material and its true value. In addition, the deviation of the feed processing process and the compound feed product produced at the same time often have a reasonable During the storage period, certain nutrients in the storage process are also lost due to various external factors. Therefore, the nutrient design value of the compound feed should generally be slightly larger than the nutritional standard value.

2. Safety principles

The compound feed must be safe for the animal itself, and the feed ingredients such as mold, rancidity, pollution and untreated toxins cannot be used. Animal products produced by animals fed with compound feed must be nutritious and healthy for humans. When designing a formula, the amount and duration of use of certain feed additives (eg antibiotics, etc.) should be in accordance with safety regulations.

3. Economic principles

Economics are economic and social benefits. The more kinds of feed ingredients, the more complementary to the nutrients of the feed ingredients, which is conducive to the nutritional balance of the feed, but too many types of raw materials will increase the processing costs. Therefore, when designing the formula, you should master the appropriate type and quantity of raw materials. In addition, we must also consider the adverse effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, drugs, etc. on animal living environment in animal waste (such as feces, urine, etc.) to improve feed utilization and reduce nitrogen and phosphorus excretion; older beef cattle can also Non-protein nitrogen such as urea is selected to reduce feed costs.

The above is the design principle of the beef cattle diet formula compiled by Huinong. I have learned it? Beef cattle diet formula is especially important in beef cattle breeding, and cattle farmers must learn it!

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