Pine resin is a raw material for the production of rosin, turpentine oil, rosin essence and rosin amine. It is widely used in light industry, chemical industry, metallurgy, national defense, medicine, electrical appliances and other industries. The main pine-fed pine trees in China include Pinus massoniana, Pinus yunnanensis, Simao pine, South Asia pine, and Pinus taiwanensis. The cutting techniques and precautions are described below:
Before the harvesting season comes, the staff of the fat-collecting enterprise must do a series of preparations, such as planning well-separated forest land, preparing the tools for oil extraction, understanding market conditions, and signing a good sales contract.
Before picking fat, you must choose the cutting surface. Where pine trees are available, the height of the cut surface is about 1.3 meters, and the diameter of pine trees is more than 20 cm. The cutting surface should be selected on trunks that are sunny, lush and less frugal, and easy to pick up fat.
The new pine trees are cut 2.2 meters from the ground. The pine tree from which the fat has been collected is used for fat extraction in the second year. The cut surface shall be connected with the cut surface of the previous year without any gap in the middle. For the pine trees that have been harvesting fat for many years and have been cut to the ground, they can pick and roll at the upper end of the original cut surface. The width of the cut surface shall not exceed 40% of the length of the tree. The length of the cut surface shall be determined according to the number of cutters in the current year, preferably not exceeding 17 cm in length each year. After the cut surface is calibrated, use a spatula to remove rough skin from the trunk, but do not injure the tender skin and blue skin inside. The area of ​​rough skin to be scraped is 6.5 cm wider and 13 cm longer than the cut surface. When cutting, the middle ditch should be opened. That is, a triangle blade is used to cut a ditch with a length of 20 cm, a depth of 2 cm, and a width of 4 cm in the middle of the cutting surface, perpendicular to the ground. Grooves should be narrow and smooth outside, so that turpentine can flow smoothly into the fat receiver. The fat guide groove is to be installed at the lower end of the middle ditch. The grease receptors should be fixed with bamboo nails directly under the fat guide groove. The fat receiver is made of bamboo or plastic bag; it should be sealed to keep the turpentine clean and reduce the volatilization of turpentine.
To adopt the "shallow knife thin cut" method. The first pair of side ditch can be cut at the top of the middle ditch and is required to be of equal length and parallel. When the ditch is repaired, it is necessary to cover the fat receiver to prevent dander and impurities from falling into it and affect the quality of the turpentine. It is necessary to do a good job of collecting turpentine, and to collect fat once or twice a month. When fat is collected, the accumulated water in the fat receiver should be cleaned and impurities must be removed. Do not use iron with the tools for removing fat and fat.
In order to make rational use of pine forest resources, single-face descent method is used for tapping. When can it be used? Before the frost falls, the season should reach a temperature above 10°C. Pay attention to the protection of resources. If it is a pine tree with coniferous withering and declining growth, or a pine tree with serious pests and diseases and pine trees with large areas damaged by loose pine, it cannot be used for fat harvesting to prevent the death of pine trees.
Author: Funing County Agricultural Products Company
Millets are a group of highly variable small-seeded grasses, widely grown around the world as cereal crops or grains for fodder and human food. Millets are important crops in the semiarid tropics of Asia and Africa (especially in India, Mali, Nigeria, and Niger), with 97% of millet production in developing countries. The crop is favored due to its productivity and short growing season under dry, high-temperature conditions. In a 100 gram serving, raw millet provides 378 calories and is a rich source (20% or more of the Daily Value, DV) of protein, dietary fiber, several B vitamins and numerous dietary minerals, especially manganese at 76% DV (USDA nutrient table). Raw millet is 9% water, 73% carbohydrates, 4% fat and 11% protein.
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