The bergamot, also known as bergamot, belongs to the evergreen shrub of the citrus family of Rutaceae and is native to China, India, and the Mediterranean coast and is a variant of thistle. Fruit ripening from October to November, fruit shaped like Guanyin fingers, or grip or stretch, strange and strange; mature, golden color, it is put it down. Its aroma is rich, it is heart-feeling, and people are refreshing. It can be described as "shape, color and fragrance".
1. Soil selection: The bergamot prefers loose, fertile and well-drained acidic soil conditions. The pot soil should be made of loose sandy soil and red-yellow loam soil, and be mixed with appropriate amounts of decomposed organic fertilizer. The viscous heavy alkaline soil should be used for its growth and development. bad. Pottery soil can be prepared with 60% coarse sand, 20% decomposed organic fertilizer and 20% field soil.
2. Colonization: First, the seedlings should be selected, and the root system should be developed, stout, branching and planting. Autumn plants should be planted from September to October, and spring plants should be planted from late February to early April. Before putting on the pot, pruning, rooting, and maintaining the full fibrous roots.
3, watering: bergamot seedlings after the basin, immediately drench root water, see the dry water after the soil to keep the soil moist, but to prevent water within the basin, affecting root growth. Watering is the key to the success or failure of buddhist species. From April to May, the temperature rises, bergamot grows rapidly, and the water requirement increases. In summer, it is hot and hot. In addition to keeping the soil in the basin moist, it is also necessary to spray water around and maintain a certain environment. Humidity; autumn temperatures gradually decrease, and the amount of watering can gradually decrease; in winter, the tree goes into dormancy and should be moved into a warm shed, and the basin can maintain a certain degree of moisture to prevent it from getting too wet and dry so that the rot or the plants will dry out. . The watering of bergamot should also be treated flexibly according to the specific conditions of the seedlings. Small trees, weak trees, little trees, and trees should be poured; fruits should not be watered in order to avoid falling fruit.
4, fertilization: combined with water top dressing, potted bergamot fertilization in the year, can be divided into four different phases: First, the spring equinox to Mang, between every 7 days to apply thin fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate can also be used outside the roots Top dressing is to increase tree vigor. The second is that the stalks are full bloom and the result is full bloom. Fertilize once every 3 to 5 days. The fertilizer can be thicker than before. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied at this time, the purpose is to reduce the number of flowers and fruit, and artificial pollination. The third is from the big summer to the fall, the fruit is the expansion period, the use of potassium, phosphorus and other compound fertilizers, less nitrogen fertilizer, otherwise the fruit delay the maturity period. The fourth is the white dew-frost period. After fruit collection, thin phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied to control watering and nitrogenous fertilizers. The purpose is to restore tree vigor and promote flower bud differentiation. In short, fertilizer and water should be controlled at the beginning of the result, and fertilizer water should be added during fruit enlargement.
5, pruning: Buddha after the basin, the main vegetative growth, the top buds continue to grow, no self-cutting, therefore, we must pay attention to the main tip topping, promote branching, dwarf the crown. Sparsely cut weak branches, combined with methods of support, pull, and suspend, adjust the tree position, and beautify the tree. After the results, for the growth and the resulting potential, the buds were applied in spring and summer. As a result, the tip of the shoots was tipped, the flowers were thinned and the fruit was thinned, and the balance of shoots and fruits in each period was promoted to prevent the phenomena of large and small years.
6, cold: bergamot cold resistance than the average citrus poor, will encounter a large number of fallen leaves at low temperatures, branches freeze, affect the fruiting and growth and development in the coming year. Therefore, after the bergamot enters the room in winter, it is necessary to increase the indoor air temperature and humidity and enhance the tree resistance.
Pest control: The bergamot's disease mainly consists of coal pollution, which is caused by saprophytic fungi, which make the foliage densely covered with blackish black mold and affect the photosynthesis of the leaves. It can be used to prevent and control 50% of the bacteria and 800 times liquid or carbendazim. Insect pests mainly include aphids and scale insects. In May to June and August to September, when the aphids threatened the top leaves of the squid squid, the pots were not 500% solution of 50% carbaryl. From June to July, the dry hot weather red spider susceptible to damage the leaves, found that after spraying 40% of dimethoate 1000 times for prevention and treatment.
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