Foliar fertilization is a highly effective method of nutrient delivery that offers several advantages over traditional soil fertilization. It allows for faster nutrient absorption, higher efficiency in fertilizer use, and better uptake by plant leaves compared to root-based feeding. Foliar fertilizers can be categorized into various types, such as macro-element fertilizers, micro-nutrient fertilizers, organic solutions, microbial formulations, photosynthesis enhancers, or even foliar pesticides. Commonly used products in agriculture include urea, potassium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, and various micronutrient blends.
When applying foliar fertilizers, there are several key considerations to keep in mind:
1. Always apply base fertilizers first and supplement with foliar feed at the right time.
2. Choose the appropriate type of foliar fertilizer based on the vegetable species, growth stage, plant potential, and specific nutrient needs.
3. Ensure the concentration of liquid fertilizer is properly balanced to avoid leaf burn or waste.
4. Apply during the evening or on cloudy days to reduce evaporation and improve absorption.
5. Make sure to spray evenly on actively growing leaves and upper foliage for maximum effectiveness.
In greenhouses, especially when growing crops like cucumbers, eggplants, peppers, celery, leeks, and others, multi-element solid foliar fertilizers that also contain disease-fighting agents can be very effective and cost-efficient. For example, cucumber plants can benefit from a solution containing 0.2% urea, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 1% sucrose, which not only boosts plant immunity but also helps prevent downy mildew. Applying micronutrients and light absorption inhibitors can significantly enhance the health and yield of tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, beans, celery, cabbages, lettuce, and cauliflower. This method is particularly useful for improving plant resilience and productivity in controlled environments.
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