Indoor nursery. The entire growing cycle takes between 90 to 100 days, with the first 30 days dedicated to the seedling stage. During this period, the ideal temperature range is between 15°C and 28°C. Seedlings are typically started in early February, and geothermal heating systems are essential for maintaining the required warmth during the nursery phase. The seedlings can be grown in small containers such as low pots or plastic trays, and it's important to use nutrient-rich soil. The spacing between seeds should be maintained at 8 cm. Each planting hole or pod should contain 2 to 3 seeds, covered with 1 cm of soil, followed by a layer of water-retaining film and a protective frame. At night, straw is also placed over the beds to provide additional insulation.
To prepare the growing medium, mix 2 parts of disease-free soil with 1 part each of vermiculite, perlite, and organic fertilizer. Alternatively, you can use 3 parts of well-fertilized soil combined with 2 parts of fine furnace ash. For every cubic meter of the mixture, add 200 to 300 grams of fungicide to prevent diseases. After mixing, moisten the soil until it forms loose clumps. Let the soil rest for 24 hours before setting up the beds. The bed depth should be around 8 to 10 cm. On the day before sowing, warm up the beds to ensure the temperature is above 20°C before planting.
After sowing, monitor the temperature and humidity inside the seedbed and greenhouse closely. Within about 5 days, the seedlings should begin to emerge. Once they appear, make sure to ventilate the area regularly. In each planting hole, only one strong and healthy seedling should remain; all others should be removed. A 500-times diluted solution of zinc-based fungicide is recommended after the seedlings have emerged to prevent damping-off. Following that, apply one or two foliar feedings depending on the color and health of the leaves. Before the seedlings emerge and before transplanting, spray them every 3 to 4 days to maintain optimal growing conditions and promote healthy development.
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