In order to increase grain production and increase income, first of all, good quality and good varieties must be selected. Once the rice farmers purchase counterfeit seeds, the lighter ones will produce a large number of production losses, and the most serious ones will lead to large-scale harvest. Therefore, we must pay attention to improving the ability to identify counterfeit seeds, purchase good varieties, and ensure spring production.
One should pay attention to choosing a seed supplier with complete operating licenses and legal qualifications. Do not buy seeds in unlicensed stores, street stalls, and seed merchants who sell in villages. Don't forget to ask the supplier to open a valid invoice (or seed quality credit card) when purchasing the seed, and keep the purchase invoices and seed bags in a safe place for the seed quality to be well documented.
When buying seeds, pay attention to the instructions or varieties of rice seeds. The content should include appropriate cultivation areas, characteristics, cultivation measures, etc. There is no need to purchase the manual and the description of the species, so as not to be deceived.
Third, we must pay attention to whether the packaging is standardized. The seeds and outer packagings distributed by professional seed companies are all relatively standard and the numbers, quality indicators, manufacturers, operating license numbers, origins, and contact telephone numbers are clearly marked.
4 Pay attention to the seed production date marked on the sub-pack. The seeds produced every year are purchased by Chen; the seeds without production date are not purchased.
Fifth, we must be good at identifying the quality of rice seeds. The following technical measures are for reference.
1. See the purity of rice seeds. The purity of rice seeds is the most important index to measure the quality of rice seeds. The purity of conventional rice seeds cannot be less than 98%, and the purity of hybrid rice seeds cannot be less than 96%.
2. See the seed's clarity. High-quality rice seeds are generally subjected to multiple processes of wind selection and screening. The contents of empty grains, soil, sand and other impurities are controlled between 1.5 and 2.5%. If the impurity content exceeds 5%, it is a poor quality seed. If the seeds are visually detected without soil particles, sand particles, or inserted into the seed pile or seed bag by hand, there are no dust and other impurities on the finger and back of the hand. Usually the purity of the seed is about 97%.
3. Check the moisture content. The national standard for water content of high-quality rice varieties is no more than 13% of indica rice and no more than 14.5% of indica rice. See the seed moisture is generally biting teeth, fingers licking. Take one grain of rice and bite it with teeth, the sound of “squeaking†sounds crisp, and the cross-section of the rice is smooth. All of them are water-qualified rice seeds.
4. Ask about the germination rate. The national standard rice germination rate of conventional rice is not less than 85%, hybrid rice is not less than 80%, otherwise it is a poor quality species.
5. Observe the embryos. The high-quality rice seeds have a smooth and shiny appearance, and the seed embryos are full and full. When hand-operated, the embryos have a moist sensation and are greenish. Inferior varieties of rice germs dry and dark, with dark colors.
6. Identify new and old seeds. All seed coats are fresh in color, yellow in shell, full and full of embryos. When embryos are excavated, they are moist and green. This type of seed is a new species with high viability; on the contrary, the seed coat is dark in color, and the seed coat is dark brown and dry. For the weak seed of life. In the new species, there are no shells, insects, and insect coats. In the Chen species, there are a large number of signs such as grain husks, worms, valleys, and insect coats. The specific gravity is lower than the new species.
7. Observe the lesion. The shells of rice seeds are dark brown or have irregular hemp spots and lumps, which are the seeds of infectious diseases. For example, there are dark brown patches on the surface of seeds infected with rice blast, and the appearance of seeds is asymptomatic.
Sixth, once they find that they are buying or planting fake seeds, they should promptly report the situation to the seed distributors and report to the local seed management department in time, so that the relevant departments can promptly investigate, verify, and deal with them, and take remedial measures as soon as possible to avoid further damage. Big loss.