Generally, in the northern and southern regions in July and August, under conditions of high rainfall and high temperatures, if improper management of fruit trees leads to leggy, it is necessary to strengthen human regulation and control. The main tasks are as follows:
Fertilization, pruning, and fertilization. Less or no nitrogen fertilizer is applied. For the trees with more results and weak growth, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be topdressed. At the same time, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 300 times is sprayed in the whole garden, sprayed once every 15 days, and sprayed continuously for 3 to 5 times. .
Summer cut. Timely cleaning of dense branches, weak branches and legged branches, timely picking of hearts to facilitate ventilation and light transmission, as well as control of branches with less results, overgrown branches, and to be compressed during winter shearing. After trimming, smear the anti-corrosion film on the trim mouth to sterilize and protect the wound from healing.
Chemical control. With little or no accelerator, use plant growth balance agents and retardants as appropriate. Method is: in the trunk or the main branch of the tender skin around the ring, the depth to just reach the xylem degree, in the ring cut smear Hua Hua Wang 2 (except peach), control the shoot control crown, prevent the size of the year. Promote the orderly flow of nutrients, make the tree grow healthily and harmoniously, control the growth of new shoots and reduce the cracking in the later period.
In combination with weeding and weeding, weeds grow rapidly in the rainy season. Not only do we compete with the fruit trees and compete with fertilizers, but also hide the pests and diseases. We must use the herbicides in time, such as picking, paraquat and glyphosate. . In addition, after heavy rains, surface compaction, soil moisture, oxygen deficiency, is not conducive to root growth, often causing poor growth of fruit trees, and even cause a large number of fallen leaves, so regardless of weeds, we must do a good job after the rain planning, can improve Soil permeability, but also to maintain soil moisture.
Drainage combined with flood control and water saving time, a lot of precipitation, inconvenience to production management, but it accumulates rainwater. The distribution of annual precipitation in the northern regions is very uneven. To use rainwater resources, dig reservoirs in orchards, use open drains to divert water, and collect as much rain as possible. In drought in successive years in North China, the awareness of flood prevention is weak. In the past, many drainage ditches have been abandoned and filled up. When precipitation concentrates, internal hail can easily occur. While impounding water, do not be paralyzed, and do a good job of preparing for the prevention of locust plague, and clear up the drainage around the orchard. In case of continuous precipitation, discharge water in the park in time.
Strict prevention of pests and rainy seasons is the peak period of fruit tree disease. Therefore, strengthening the prevention and control of diseases in the rainy season is a key link in the management of fruit trees.
Fruit ringworm disease. Apple buffalo disease overwinters with mycelium, conidiospores, and ascaria shells in diseased branches. Spores were found in the rain and peaked in July and August. The rainy season is mainly controlled by chemicals. Generally used 40% anthraquinone omeprazole WP 400 times; 50% carbendazim WP 1000 times; 50% eutectic WP 800 times, all have better control effect.
Apple anthrax. At the onset of the disease, brownish round spots appeared on the fruit surface and gradually expanded to brown or dark brown spots. Prevention and control should be based on the removal of bacteria source and strengthen the cultivation and management. Pay attention to orchard drainage in the rainy season, and remove the disease in the growing season. Pharmacy protection generally adopts 1:2:200 Bordeaux mixture; 50% retort special wettable powder 500~600 times; 80% anthrax Fumei WP 500~600 times; 40% carbendazim - chlorothalonil suspension 300 times liquid.
Apple spotted deciduous disease. First of all, to improve the transparency of the canopy of the ventilation; pay attention to drainage; reasonable fertilization, enhance tree vigor. Chemicals can be controlled by 70% mancozeb WP 300 to 500 times; 30% chlorinated suspension 300 to 500 times; 75% chlorothalonil WP 800 times. And pay attention to the alternate use of medicines.
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