1. Cultivation facilities are generally used in greenhouses with good insulation properties. The outer cover covers 1 layer of haystacks. The film is hung on the ceiling with a film of 30 centimeters from the shed film. The floor is covered with a film, and the back wall is hung with a reflective screen to enhance indoor lighting. In the coldest months of winter, the general night temperature in the greenhouse should be maintained at 12 to 15°C. The daytime temperature should reach 25 to 30°C and the daily average temperature should be 13 to 20°C. In case of severe weather, temporary warming is required to ensure that the minimum greenhouse temperature is not lower than 8°C to meet the needs of the growth and development of okra.
2. The varieties selected were middle-early-maturing dwarf okra varieties more suitable for protective cultivation.
3. The sowing and nursery sowing date is appropriate from mid-October to early November. Seeds were soaked in warm water for 24 hours before sowing, and then moisturized and germinated at 25 to 28°C. When the shoot length is 0.5 cm, it is sown in nutritious pots. Each pot is sown with 2 seeds. Covering soil is 1 cm. After sowing, the daytime temperature is maintained at 25 to 30°C, and at night at 15 to 20°C. Normally it can emerge in 4 to 5 days. After the seedlings are unearthed, the temperature is lowered, and the temperature is 22 to 25°C during the day and 13 to 15°C at night. The second true leaf is seedlings, and each seedling leaves a strong seedling.
4. The cultivation of okra in winter for soil preparation requires sufficient basal fertilization. Typically, 600,000 kg of chicken manure or human waste is applied per hectare. After deep-slung, the 50-cm row spacing was used to open the ditch, and 750 kg of compound fertilizer was applied in the ditch. Then a 15 cm high saddle-shaped stilt was made and the ridge was covered with a mulch.
5. Planting when the seedlings reach 3 to 4 true leaves. Calendar seedling age 30 to 40 days can be planted. One week before planting, cool the seedlings. Fine weather was selected when planting, and planting was made by perforating 30 to 35 cm of plant spacing. After the planting, the planting hole was sealed and planted. About 60,000 plants were planted per hectare. Immediately after planting, the plants were drenched once in the ditch under the membrane.
6. Field management
(1) Temperature management After the planting, the temperature in the greenhouse is increased to promote seedling growth. The daytime temperature is maintained at 28-32°C and the night temperature is 18-20°C. After the seedlings are cooled, the temperature is 25-28°C during the day and 15-18°C during the night. The temperature adjustment is mainly based on promptly uncovering grasshoppers and releasing air. After the results, the daylight temperature was maintained at 25 to 30°C, and the night temperature was 13 to 15°C. When the minimum temperature at night was less than 8°C, a stove frame chimney was set in the greenhouse for heating. Ventilate day and night while the night temperature stabilizes at 15°C in late May. In the rainy and snowy days, it is necessary to open up at noon and fight for more light. If the outside temperature is too low, it must be revealed late.
(2) Fertilizer management Okra is generally not top-dressed and watered after the planting of the first plant. However, at this time, it is a severe winter, and the number of top dressings for watering should be low to avoid lowering the ground temperature. Watering should be carried out in the sunny morning. Water is poured under the membrane. After watering, the greenhouse is heated and the ground temperature is raised. The water is used to recover 300 kg/ha of compound fertilizer. Afterwards, topdressing once every 15 days to keep the soil moist. After the temperature rises at the beginning of March, it will be watered once every 5 to 7 days. Each time watering should be combined with topdressing.
(3) Pruning The leaves were removed under the condition of dense planting and the lower lateral branches of the plants were promptly removed. When the planting density is small, one or two lateral branches of the base can be left to be co-crusted with the main stem. In the late growth stage, 1 to 2 leaves of the infraorbital were preserved after harvesting tender leeches, and all the remaining lower leaves were removed. Plant topping up to 1.2 to 1.5 meters.
(4) Hormone preservation When the winter temperature is low, the stigma may be coated with tomato spirit 50 to 60 mg/liter to increase the fruit setting rate to 95%. During the peak stage, Gao Mei or other foliar fertilizers are sprayed at 600-800 times every 15 days.
7. The harvesting of okra from the sowing to harvesting of the first tender pod generally takes 60-80 days, after flowering thanks to 4-7 days, and the harvesting length of 7-10 cm is suitable for harvesting. From December to February of the following year, due to the lower temperature, the plants grow more sluggish. Generally, they are harvested once every 3 to 4 days, and can be supplied to the market on New Year's Day and Spring Festival. The harvest season (after the beginning of March) is harvested once every 1-2 days until the late frost finishes. Use scissors to cut the stem when harvesting to avoid bruising the plants.
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