Establish the concept of integrated management of nutrient resources. The nutrient resources include chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizers, nutrients in soil banks, nutrients in the environment, the state of dry and wet dusts that eventually enter the soil and nutrients in irrigation water, nutrients in biological nitrogen fixation, nutrients in seeds, which cannot be ignored and wasted.
Scientifically determine the amount of fertilizer applied. According to the climate, target production, soil nutrient content, organic fertilizer supply of nutrients to scientifically determine the amount of fertilizer.
Fertilizers are applied according to the fertilizer requirements of the crop. After the total amount of fertilization is determined, it is necessary to implement phased regulation on the application. The time must be synchronized and the space must be the same to achieve comprehensive management.
At present, the biggest problem in the application of nitrogen fertilizer is that it is often used as a basal fertilizer once, or it is customary to apply 50% to 85% of the nitrogen fertilizer ten days before transplanting or transplanting for two weeks, leading to the early stage of crop growth. The utilization rate of fertilizer is low, and the fertilizer that has not been used has flowed into the environment to form pollution, and the crop has appeared defertilization at the later stage, and it is difficult to achieve high yield.
Pay attention to the application of organic fertilizers. Researcher of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, Mr. Liu Gengyi pointed out that Chinese farmland does not lack potassium, but only a large amount of organic resources are not fully returned to the field. The total amount of organic potassium in straw in China is about 7.5 million tons. The actual amount of returned organic matter in the straw is less than 6 million tons each year, and at least 1.5 million tons of resources are lost through incineration, waste straw, and other methods. By making full use of these resources, the potash fertilizer demand can be reduced to around 3.5 million tons. Then, with the further increase of China's potash fertilizer production capacity, potash fertilizer imports can be greatly reduced.
Promote soil testing and formula fertilization technology. Soil testing and formula fertilization is a major reform in fertilization technology in China. It is a comprehensive use of modern agricultural science and technology achievements, according to the law of crop manure, soil fertility and fertilizer effects, under the conditions of organic fertilizer, the appropriate amount and proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element fertilizers put forward before birth. And the corresponding fertilization technology.
Its core is based on soil, crop conditions, prenatal fertilizer, quantitative. After the target output is determined, according to the output requirements, scientifically calculate how much nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium the crop needs to absorb, and calculate the soil supply conditions based on the soil nutrient test values ​​to determine the appropriate amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers. Soil Testing Formulas Balanced fertilization technology has changed the old habit of fertilizing with experience for a long time, and has moved toward the direction of quantitative scientific fertilization.
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