Among the cattle that are mainly grazing in the mountains, fractures are the more common disease. Due to collision, slipping, falling, sharp stoppage or jumping obstacles, the lower leg is caused to break into the ground. Fractures are classified into comminuted fractures and non-comminuted fractures according to the number of fractured bone fragments; they are divided into open fractures and non-open fractures according to whether the skin (and mucosa) is intact or not. After a fracture has occurred, early rescue must be carried out and no favorable opportunity can be missed.
First, the symptoms of fracture, often accompanied by soft tissue damage around, there pain, swelling, abnormal activity, dysfunction and so on.
1. Severe pain such as active and passive exercise, the diseased cattle performance unrest or avoidance. The more severe the soft tissue and nerve tissue damage, the more severe the pain, and sometimes the whole body trembles and even shocks.
2. Swelling fractures cause bone displacement and damage to the surrounding soft tissues to form hematomas and pain in contact. Compared with symmetry, it is easy to find the affected part. Swelling due to bleeding occurs most immediately after the fracture; swelling caused by inflammation mostly occurs after 12 hours of fracture.
3. The external deformity of the full body fracture deformity is obvious, and the two ends of the fracture sometimes overlap, embed, leave or obliquely lateral displacement, especially in the long bones of the limbs, and it is easy to form a pseudo joint.
4. Functional disorders such as fractures of the limbs are usually severe or moderate claudication, or overhanging limbs, and are afraid to touch the ground. Open fractures have the above-mentioned symptoms. In addition, the soft tissues of the fractures are traumatic. The broken ends of the fractures are sometimes exposed outside the wound and are prone to infection.
Second, after the rescue of the bone pull, we must adhere to early rescue, reasonable treatment, can not miss the favorable opportunity. In feeding and management, it is necessary to pay attention to proper control of exercise and to increase the supply of nutrients so as to promote early recovery.
1. Hemostasis and rescue in order to prevent fractures and severe complications of fractures, the fracture should be rescued in situ. First of all, look for cattle with no wounds and bleeding, because broken bones will pierce or rupture blood vessels. General bleeding, as long as the use of sterile gauze bandage wounds can be stopped, if the dressing can not stop the bleeding, the rapid use of tourniquet or rope in the proximal part of the fracture to compress the bandage to stop bleeding, or to find broken arteries, Bind it. When the bleeding is stopped, the necrotic tissue and broken bone pieces of the wound should also be removed and then repaired and fixed.
2. To repair the dislocation fracture, it is necessary to carry out restoration so that the end of the fracture can come into contact with it to achieve reduction and create conditions for fracture healing. In order to reduce the pain of sick animals, local or general anesthesia should be done, and then the cow should be kept on the side and the affected limbs should be used for pulling, stretching, pressing, and squeezing. If the limbs are completely fractured, the brim can be retracted at the proximal end of the fracture and forcefully pulled along the distal end of the limb to displace the dislocated fracture at both ends, and then make the stump end aligned. After the restoration, the affected limb should be the same length as the normal limb and the hooves should be the same. Then fix it immediately.
3. After fixing and restoring, in order to prevent misalignment, ensure smooth healing of the broken end, and fix the affected part. Fixation is divided into external fixation and internal fixation. For external fixation, it is usually more convenient to use plaster bandages, small plywood bandages, or metal stents. Before fixation, take 30 grams of Drynaria (commonly known as Mao Jiang), reconcile the wound with millet porridge, and then wrap 3 to 5 layers of gauze, padded with cotton gauze, and then braided with bamboo or wooden slats. Curtains are wrapped and wrapped around a bandage or string. When fixing, note that the slats should be slightly shorter than the underlay to prevent bruising the skin at both ends of the splint. Internal fixation, according to the site and condition can be used bone fixation, bone fixation screws, wire or bone support.
4. After the nursing is repaired and fixed, the affected calf should be restrained in the hurdles to temporarily restrict the activity. After 3 to 4 weeks, according to the healing condition of the fracture, it is appropriate to tie the exercise or grazing on the plains to exercise the limb function. After about 40 to 90 days, bandages or other fixed objects can be removed.
After the implementation of the whole bone, in order to promote healing and prevent infection, the cattle should be given external and internal bone medicine (prescription attached), and an appropriate amount of calcium salt should be added to the diet to provide nutrient-rich feed. For open fractures, antibiotics and tetanus antitoxin must also be used to prevent infection.
One prescription for external use: 50 grams of festival grass, 100 grams of sorghum flower, 10 grams of natural copper, one chicken bone and 250 grams of sesame oil.
Topical prescription II: Angelica, Chuanxiong, Lithospermum, safflower, Eucommia charcoal, Achyranthes 30 grams each, Huangdan 100 grams, 100 grams of rosin.
Firstly, the first chicken bones are fried in sesame oil, minced and minced, and then finely milled with festival grass, sorghum flowers and natural copper, and then the second party's first six herbs are crushed to the end. The pan is fried, the dregs are removed, and the rosin and Huangdan are put into the pan and heated to a paste. Spread the ointment on the cloth and apply it to the affected area. Then, use a scraping bamboo plate and fix it with twine. The affected animals shall be kept in a dry, wide and flat place and fed with better feeds such as egg shell powder and wheat bran.
Oral prescriptions: Divide 40 grams, 30 grams of Eucommia, 30 grams of frankincense, 20 grams of Achyranthes, Angelica 20 grams, 15 grams of Chuanxiong, a total of research go-between, add 250 milliliters of rice wine as a primer, open water, warm irrigation, each Day 1 can play a role in promoting blood circulation and pain, strengthening the bones.
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