In the process of building a new solar greenhouse, the back wall has a large amount of soil. Most of the organic-rich topsoil that has been cultivated for many years is taken away. In combination with the mechanical operation at the time of new construction, the soil structure is gradually destroyed and becomes a solid and unstructured state. The production of vegetables requires rich organic matter (between 4% and 6%), moderate sand texture, good crumb structure, deep soil layer, suitable pH, loose soil, and hard-to-build, breathable soil. Therefore, the newly-built solar greenhouse should pay attention to soil improvement, and it should be suitable for vegetables cultivation through soil cultivation and increasing soil organic matter.
1. Soil cultivation: Through digging deep-seasoning, the plowing layer and the ground are turned, loosened, broken, and leveled to deepen the plough layer, improve the soil structure, and regulate the existence of factors such as water, fertilizer, gas, and heat in the soil. To loosen the soil layer, increase the total porosity of the soil and non-capillary pores, thereby increasing the aeration and water capacity of the soil. Through cultivation, the unstructured soil that has gradually become solid due to the destruction of mechanical pressure is turned over, and the soil with a better structural nature is turned upside down to restore the soil layer and aggregate structure.
2. Combine farming with organic manure to make the soil rich in soil: As most of the surface soil rich in organic matter is removed during the construction of the solar greenhouse, the primary problem in the new greenhouse is to increase the content of organic matter in the soil. Soil organic matter has the nutrients needed to provide crops and improve the effectiveness of nutrients, improve soil physical and chemical properties, enhance soil fertility and buffer performance. The new greenhouse is best to use mainly organic fertilizers containing lignin, cellulose, such as cow dung, sheep dung and crop straw, etc. The application amount of organic fertilizer per mu should be about 0.5 to 10 thousand kilograms. However, fertilizers such as chicken manure and pig manure that contain many available nutrients and are rapidly degraded cannot be used. Therefore, the type of fertilizer contains less lignin and cellulose and has little effect on soil humus formation.
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