Bumblebee pollination can replace artificial pollination and hormone cultivars, which save labor costs, reduce hormone use, reduce malformation rate, increase yield and improve quality. It is used in the facilities of tomato, the yield increase rate is 25%-45%, the fruit weight is increased by 20%-65%, the vitamin content of fruit is obviously increased, it is not hollow, and it is resistant to storage and transportation. The Beijing Plant Protection Station introduced a new breed of Bumblebee Bumblebee from the Netherlands, the bumblebee bumble bee, and succeeded in pollinating tomato plants in Daxing District. In the later stage, it will successively conduct demonstration experiments on sweet peppers, strawberries, blueberries, and watermelons. From the demonstration results of the Daxing District, the following aspects should be noted in the application of bumblebee pollination technology:
Preparation before putting bee
Within 20 days before bee release, high toxicity, high residue and high systemic pesticides were banned. In order to prevent Xiong Feng from fleeing from the outside of the shed, an insect-proof net should be installed at the air outlet. In spring and summer, it is recommended that the aperture of the insect-proof net be larger than 2 mm, which is conducive to adequate ventilation and cooling. The suitable temperature for pollination is 10°C-32°C. If the temperature is too high or too low, it will lead to the serious occurrence of malformed flowers. Pollination suitable humidity is 50% -90%, humidity is too high and cloudy and low light, will affect the development of flowers and pollen vitality, which will affect the pollination effect.
Bumblebee entering the booth
Tomatoes bloom at 3%-5% can release bumblebees. The colony is usually in the evening, and it should be quiet for an hour before opening the nest door.
Beehive placement site
Place the beehive in a ventilated, cool place and avoid direct sunlight. Place it 30cm to 50cm away from the ground; pay attention to sun protection, heat insulation, moisture proof, and ant-proof. In order to prevent the bumblebee from ignoring the nest, it is best to move or place the colony after dark. The temperature of the beehive should be controlled at 5°C-35°C, and the suitable temperature is 5°C-28°C. Humidity should be controlled within the range of 50%-90%.
Spraying pesticides
Four hours before the fight or the afternoon of the previous day, the beehive nest door is set in a state where it cannot enter only; after the bumblebee is returned to the nest, the beehive is wrapped in a gauze, moved to a suitable environment without pesticide pollution, or moved to another shed. Let it continue to work. After the fight, the ventilation in the shed was increased to allow the residual pesticide in the air to dissipate as soon as possible. After the interval between drug effects expires, the pesticide taste disperses, the bumblebee is moved back to its original position, and it stands still for one hour. The nest door is opened and pollination begins.
How to identify pollination markers
Some crops form brown marks on the style after the bumblebee visits the flowers. The color of the mark changes from shallow to dark. Over 80% of the flowers in spring and summer have this mark, and the pollination is normal.
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