First, perennial cultivation techniques
Chayote is a perennial perennial herbaceous plant in its native habitat, but its roots and stems cannot be overwintered in open fields in northern China and can only be cultivated for one year. From the normal sowing season to the first frost period (in late October in Shandong Province), less than one-third of the normally ripe melons were harvested and the yield was reduced by more than half. To solve this problem, chayote cultivation in winter greenhouses in the greenhouse, not only all the melons matured that year, the roots and stems safely winter, the following spring can also receive a quarter of chayote, has a very high economic efficiency.
The management measures for the first year of Chayote perennial cultivation are cultivated in the same year. After the harvest was completed in early November, it entered the winter management period. Management should focus on the following three points: First, cutting vines, withdrawals. After the chayote is harvested, it can be leveled on the ground or leave the main vine about 2 meters. The rest are cut off and taken out outdoors, and then the frame is removed, fertilized and soil preparation is performed, and the overwintering vegetables are planted. The second is to properly retain roots. When the land is leveled and turned back, it is generally turned 30 centimeters away from the main root to ensure normal budding of the chayote. Third, we must pay attention to maintaining the room temperature, promote the emergence of new buds, to flowering in March of the following year, after artificial pollination, you can pick and market in April, to the end of each plant can be more than 300 kilograms of melon.
Second, eating tender stem cultivation techniques
Chayote edible shoot cultivation produces almost 10 months of harvest every year. The period of 2-3 months is the first period of production, and the period of 4-10 months is the period of high yield, and the period of November-December is the final stage of production. If there is no frost year, there will be a small amount of harvest in January. In the greenhouse of the greenhouse in the north, the annual harvest can be cultivated.
1. Cultivation time 8-10 months, chayote has an aging bud performance, you can pick planting.
2. Crop cultivation methods Choose fertile land with lots of water and apply organic fertilizer. Chayote is a perennial long-lasting crop of Hi fertilizer, and sufficient organic fertilizer can increase yield and commerciality. Plant spacing 70-100 cm 70-100 cm. The planting hole is 30 cm deep and 30 cm in diameter. Acupuncture applied 10 kg organic fertilizer. Add 10 centimeters thick loam after adding organic fertilizer, and then plant the seed melon flat. Use 2-3 seeds per hole. More than 2/5 of the melons are exposed on the surface, and those with a length of 3 cm or more do not need to be exposed.
In order to achieve the high yield and high quality of chayote tender stems, coupled with its hi sweet and warm and wet, timely topdressing organic fertilizer or available nitrogen fertilizer. Usually applied 1-2 times a month, every time to the roots of 20 cm outside the ditch committed maturity farmyard fertilizer, or compound fertilizer 300 kg per hectare. Water often to keep the soil moist. The southern winter is frost-free and can be cultivated in the open. In the north, the greenhouse should be built before the frost and cultivated in the protected area. Keep the temperature between 20°C and 30°C in winter to prevent cold damage caused by low temperature.
3. Harvest When the temperature is above 20°C and the average air humidity is above 80%, it grows rapidly. When the tender stem grows to about 40 centimeters, it can be cut. When harvesting, leave 1-2 base leaves of the base to facilitate budding and germination, and continue to grow.
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