Soybean inter-row mechanical coating technology is a new and significant agricultural technology new technology that increases ground temperature, maintains drought resistance, preserves fertilizer, controls weeds, improves quality, increases production, and reduces production costs. The new technology of covering film between soybeans adopts the method of “placing between the rows and the filmâ€, that is, based on the preparation and fertilization of the autumn of the previous year, high-quality suitable varieties, flat land sowing can not be used for ridges, and then six lines or eight lines are used. The soybean film-covering machine covers the mulch between the seedling belt and the seedling belt, instead of directly covering the seedling belt, which is easy to operate and practical. The main features of this technology are the intra-membrane fertilization and film sowing, preventing the evaporation of chemical fertilizers, increasing the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers, entering the membrane from the edge of the membrane, preventing the evaporation of water, and is beneficial to the preservation of earthworms. Using this technology, the soil temperature can be increased by 3-5°C, the effective accumulated temperature is increased by about 300°C, the fertilizer utilization rate is increased by more than 10%, the soybean yield is increased by 30%, the protein content is increased by 2-3%, and the fat content is increased by 1.2. Percentage.
First, technical points between mechanical linings
1 good selection. The selection of fine varieties requires the purity of the seeds to be over 98%, the degree of cleanliness to 97% IX-, the germination rate of more than 95%, and the seed coating rate of 100% to ensure seed quality.
2. Site preparation. The depth of deep soil reaches more than 25cm, and the land should be leveled and thin, which meets the requirements for seeding and filming, and ensures the quality of mechanical operations.
3. sowing, fertilizing. Choose high-quality Xishui Hi-Ferrant species, the sowing rate is 55-66kg per hectare, 120-150kg diammonium phosphate per hectare, 30kg urea and 50kg potassium fertilizer as base fertilizer. The seeds are coated with a seed coating agent and the herbicide is blocked after sowing.
4. Cover film. Using 800mm wide plastic film, film thickness of 0.008nlH1, after the coating width of 600-700mm, fertilization position in the film edge of about 50mm, 50mm from the film edge sowing, mulch film should be close to the ground, the film is covered with tight soil, plastic film joints And holes must be tightly covered with earth.
5. Control pests and weeds. Through comprehensive technologies, the control area of ​​soybean gray spot disease and carnivorous disease has reached 100%. In terms of chemical weeding, we insist on pre-emergence soil treatment, supplemented by post-emergence stem and leaf treatment, and do not use any high-residue chemical agents to achieve pollution-free and green standards.
6. Field management. During a series of production steps from sowing to harvesting, the coated soybeans should be organized to conduct inspections and records.
7. Harvest. Single-income, single-off, single-storage and single-processing are implemented to ensure that the level of soybeans covered by rows is upgraded to ensure the purity and quality of seeds.
Second, soybeans used between the equipment used
The soy laminating machine is composed of two parts: "cultivating ridges and mulching between the ridges". It can broadcast 8 ridges and 4 ridges covered with film at a time.
Third, the effect of analysis
Compared with conventional soybean cultivation, the mechanization technology of film-covered cultivation between soybeans is reflected in the “Four Less, Three Higherâ€.
"Four Less" includes: 1 less seed investment. Due to the improvement of soil moisture, the rate of seedling maintenance of soybeans was increased and the individual development was better, and the sowing rate could be reduced by 25%. 2 Weeding costs are low. Soybean mulching cultivation is to close the treatment before planting. If grass shortage occurs outside the film, only the normal amount of herbicide of 40% can be sprayed with the extra-vegetative seedlings. 3 less mechanical operating costs. Soybean mulching does not require ridging and repression, reducing the number of cultivating. 4 less artificial investment. After the film is covered, the manual weeding is eliminated, the human input is relatively reduced, and the film removal process is added in time, and 30 yuan less will be invested per hectare.
"Three highs" include: (1) High utilization of chemical fertilizers. As the soybeans are coated, the volatilization and leaching loss of fertilizers are reduced, and the soil moisture is better than the bare ground. The solubility of fertilizers is enhanced and the utilization rate is high. 2 high quality. After the film was coated, the incidence of borer disease was reduced, and the weight was increased. The commercial quality was good. 3 high efficiency.
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