Scientifically responding to snowstorm impacts on crops
November 22 this year is light snow. Usually, when the snow season begins to snow, the weather is not very cold and the amount of snow is small, so it is called light snow. However, in some years, the cold air is strong, and the warm and humid air current is active. It is also possible that heavy snowfall will occur. The weather after the beginning of winter this year is very special. No matter how fast the cooling is, or how large the snow conditions are, it has broken the record of the past years. Experts believe that the early arrival of heavy precipitation is unfavorable to the growth of local crops. The possible impact and scientific response methods are described in terms of crop type as follows: What are the adverse effects of sudden strong snowfall in vegetable crops on vegetable production? Aspect: First of all, the winter storage cabbage is in the harvesting period, and the size of the vegetable loss varies depending on whether it is watered before snow or not. Every vegetable garden that controls water is damaged to a small extent after snow. Some outer leaves can be peeled off to enter the pit; and some Chinese cabbages that have been watered ahead of schedule in order to achieve high yields have more water in their tissues and are seriously damaged after the arrival of heavy snowfall. For clear-winter cabbage in the Yellow River valley, clearing, retreating, and covering measures should be taken promptly after snow to facilitate wintering. For the wintering leafy vegetables such as spinach and pakchoi, after the cold and rainy season, the leaves are frozen and the snow should be promptly taken to prevent cold. In areas where winter storage cabbage is severely damaged, arrange the production of fast leafy vegetables and sprouts, and take good care of the nursery.
Blizzard has a great impact on greenhouse vegetable production. Any damage to a greenhouse that has been collapsed by snow pressure is a foregone conclusion. For the management of uneaten greenhouse vegetable land, the first step is to clear the snow at the top of the greenhouse, and adopt appropriate ventilation and heat insulation. Measures to prevent the growth of the vegetables after the snow even cloudy days; Second, we must control the water control of nitrogen, prevent cucumbers, tomatoes and Other dishes of the leggy and weak seedlings. Therefore, the north can strengthen the production of protected land to make up for the damage to the production of vegetables in open fields.
From winter in North China to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the impact of heavy snow ahead of schedule on wheat fields is mainly to make wheat seedlings weaker and less productive. In wheat fields with high snow cover and low temperatures, snow-covered wheat seedlings have already entered hibernation status in advance. Due to the shortening of the winter pre-growth period and the insufficient accumulation of wheat fields, the weakness of wheat seedlings is a foregone conclusion. In other wheat fields where the snow has melted, if the temperature has picked up, the wheat sprouts can continue to grow for a period of time. This will be beneficial to the cold-resistance of wheat seedlings, and strong seedlings can be expected. If the temperature no longer rises, the weak seedlings in some wheat fields will continue into the next spring. Especially for winter wheat varieties that are not strong enough, winter will be difficult, and proper insulation measures will prevent dead seedlings. In wheat cultivation and water management, the wheat fields after heavy snowfall generally do not need to be poured with frozen water. In the spring of next year, it is necessary to pour green water early and apply early green manure to achieve the purpose of early rejuvenation. The key measures for various wheat fields before winter should be timely and securely cultivated, and when the dry top layer of the topsoil appears in the midwinter season, repression measures should be taken in time to prevent runaway wheat fields. For wheat fields where the amount of snowfall is significantly lower than the amount of frozen water, in addition to loose soil cultivating, appropriate amount of late-frozen frozen water may be used.
For the wheat in the Yangtze River valleys such as Hubei, Sichuan, Anhui, and Jiangsu, rain and snow are not conducive to the emergence of wheat fields. Drainage and loose soil should be stepped up to diligently promote root development. Under conditions of low temperature and high soil moisture, it is easy to cause the spread of rust, and it is necessary to prepare for prevention and treatment as early as possible. Some early-seeding wheat and winter wheat varieties, the low temperature caused by heavy snow during seedling growth is weak, there may be widespread yellow seedlings phenomenon. First of all, do not fertilize yellowed wheat seedlings. In particular, do not apply more nitrogenous fertilizer. The current problem of weak seedlings is poor root development and poor nutrient uptake capacity. In order to rejuvenate the wheat seedlings, we must start with the roots and relieve the wetness and non-ventilation problems in the soil before we can promote root development and wheat seedling rejuvenation. For this purpose, soil cultivation measures such as clearing the ditch, loosening the soil, and removing the earthworms are used for the purposes of aeration and warming. Only when the base fertilizer is not applied to the farmland that lacks nutrients, if necessary, the combination of topdressing and loose soil can be used to top-up the phosphorus and potash fertilizers, together with a little nitrogen fertilizer. The role of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is to promote the hair roots and improve the cold resistance of the crop. It is best to cover "warm gutters" to keep them warm and prevent freezing. Covering materials such as: rice bran, crushed straw, plant ash, peat and other organic fertilizers, etc. These materials can also be used for soil improvement after ploughing and ploughing into the soil.
In order to reduce the adverse effects of rain and snow on the growth of fruit trees, the following measures may be taken into consideration: First, for snow-covered orchards, remove snow from the branches in time to prevent the snow from pressing and breaking the branches. At the same time, pay attention not to Cause secondary damage to the tree. Then use rice straw stalks to wrap the trunk and cover the tree plate for heat preservation; the nursery should cover straw and film in large areas. For late-maturing orchards that have not yet been picked, timely removal of snow and thin ice on the fruit area should be conducted to prevent frostbite on the fruit surface and harvesting should be organized as soon as possible. Second, for frozen fruit trees such as citrus trees, after the temperature rises steadily after the snow, timely trimming is appropriate. Take small wounds, picking leaves, pruning, injury, sawing dry measures; on the branches intact, the blade did not dry, artificial defoliation as soon as possible; the obvious frostbite, dry, timely "bring with" trim. Cut the mouth to control the wound properly and apply wax liquid to protect it. For the frozen and dead fruit trees, they must be removed as soon as possible and new seedlings should be planted. In short, the strengthening of the management of the snow aftermath garden management mainly involves measures such as soil cultivation, organic fertilizer application, and thermal insulation of the bundled tree.
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