High-yield and stable yield cultivation techniques of Konjac in Ooyang County, Shaanxi Province
Shaanxi Ooyang County is located between Bashan, Qinling Mountains. The annual average temperature is 13.2 degrees, and the annual average precipitation is 860mm. The climate and soil are very suitable for konjac planting. Since 2016, it has been planted by the Lueyang County Agricultural Technology Center at different altitudes. Planting under the forest, intercropping with corn, planting in open field and leaf surface control of soft rot, etc., summarized the key technical points of intercropping with the stalks of the sylvestris and the intercropping with the corn in Lueyang County, as follows.
1 Preparation before broadcasting
1.1 Variety selection
The use of local flower konjac as a seed requires large seed bulbs, high yield and good resistance to stress.
1.2 Choosing the planting plot
In the mountainous areas with an altitude of 500-1500m, it is required to have loose soil, deep soil, good drainage performance, good ventilation, and light sandy loam rich in organic matter.
2 planting points
2.1 timely seeding
Planting when the temperature is above 15 degrees, Lueyang County is generally planted in early April, before and after the Ching Ming Festival.
2.2 Seeding method
2.2.1 Selection of species
Seed selection requirements: one or two years old, no damage, no disease spots, size 300-500g, no rotted healthy species.
2.2.2 Kind of cockroach disinfection
When sowing, soak the dried seeds with a sterilizing agent for 60 minutes, remove them, mix them with 1:1 quicklime and ash, and dry the floating water before planting.
2.2.3 Site preparation
Deeply turn the soil 30 to 40 cm, and apply the decomposed organic fertilizer in combination with the preparation;
If the scorpion soil has been planted with konjac, soil disinfection should be carried out. 50 to 100 kg of quicklime per soil per mu plus soil bactericide [70% dexamethasone powder 1.5 kg or ternary disinfection powder 50 kg plus fine soil. Shi.
2.2.4 ridge
The ridge is made by sorghum ridge sowing method, that is, the gully is 40 cm wide and 50 cm deep, the gully is 80 cm wide and 50 cm deep, and the surrounding drainage ditch is opened.
2.2.5 Sowing
The sowing is carried out by seeding or digging, and the sowing depth is 15cm.
2.2.6 intercropping
Two methods of konjac and corn intercropping: large konjac farming with a width of 1.2 to 1.3 m, 2 species of konjac, 1 row of corn, 0.6 m spacing between the two, corn plant spacing 0.3 m; small konjac species 4 rows, 2 rows of corn The intercropped corn should be broadcasted 15 to 20 days later than the konjac.
3 Field management
3.1 timely fertilizer, weeding
Weeding: After the konjac spreads the leaves, the grass is pulled by hand to avoid root injury and wounds;
Top dressing: After the axillary buds are unearthed, the life-effect bactericidal drugs are sprayed every 15 days. In addition, each acre is activated with 15 to 20 kg of water or + soil.
3.2 Drought prevention, prevention of water accumulation
Drought prevention: use morning and evening for sprinkler irrigation or dip irrigation;
Anti-water accumulation: timely draining drainage ditch in the rainy season;
3.3 Prevention of pests and diseases
3.3.1 Common pest prevention and pests
Chalk disease, soft rot, sweet potato hawk moth.
3.3.2 Control measures
Agricultural control: Rotating crops, reasonable spacing, moderate avoidance of yin; seeding and soil disinfection when planting, once the diseased plants are found, can be sprayed with lime powder or sprayed 20 times formalin solution;
Control measures for chalk disease: Spray 50% carbendazim wettable powder 1000 times liquid, and spray it in time after rain;
Soft rot, spraying agricultural streptomycin 200 mg / L;
Sweet potato hawk moth: killing in the late summer and early autumn, killing adult worms from July to August, spraying 90% crystal trichlorfon 1 000 times liquid or 25% insecticidal single 500 times liquid in August-September for prevention and treatment.
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