Grifola frondosa (also known as Maitake mushroom) is a food and drug combination mushroom. In 1970, Japan began artificial cultivation, and its production increased year by year. The annual output has exceeded 10,000 tons recently. The market price is about 1,000 yen per kilogram. As demand exceeds supply, Japan will also import some from China. Over the past decade, some research institutes in Zhejiang, Hebei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Fujian and Shanghai have introduced domestication and experimental cultivation. Qingyuan in Zhejiang Province and Qianxi in Hebei province began large-scale production. The Changping Black Mountain Village in Beijing has also been planted. The following describes the cultivation methods based on the practical experience of Mr. Zhao Guoqiang, Qianxi County, Hebei Province.
1. Production of strains
Different strains and strains have a decisive effect on the yield and quality of Grifola frondosa. Some strains are of inferior quality, or simply no fruit body. Therefore, it is necessary to use fine strains that have been verified by production, have strong resistance to stress, have fast growth, and have high yield. Regardless of the introduced or isolated strains, the mushrooming test should be conducted before large-scale expansion. The suitable culture medium for Grifola frondosa is PDA synthetic medium and bran medium, and it can also be prepared by conventional methods using grain medium. These three kinds of medium can be used for the separation and transposition of Grifola frondosa mother plants, and it is better to use the internal microbe at the junction of Grifola frondosa and stipe. The strain to be isolated should be a healthy strain that has been well-differentiated in the strain, and separation and transfer are performed under sterile conditions.
Commonly used medium formulations for making Grifola frondosa are:
(1) 80% chestnut wood, 8% wheat bran, 1% gypsum and sugar, 10% sandy loam or loam.
(2) 80% of cottonseed skin, 8% of bran, 1% of gypsum and sugar, 10% of sandy loam or loam. The medium is mixed with water, and the water content is 60%. After mixing, the mixture is bottled, sterilized, and inoculated. The culture is performed at 25 to 26° C. The bottle can be filled for about 30 days. After quality inspection, the mycelium is thick and can be used without contamination by bacteria.
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