Organic fertilizer can provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, promote soil microbial reproduction, improve soil structure, enhance soil fertility and buffer capacity, and play an important role in increasing yield. However, the composition of organic fertilizers is complex, and it is important to be reasonable when applied. Improper application will cause nutrient loss, and even the roots of crops will have difficulty in absorbing water, and root burning and sclerotherapy will occur.
Apply after rot
The unfermented organic fertilizer is decomposed and fermented by microorganisms in the soil. The ammonia gas generated can easily cause root burning and poisoning of crops, and some can breed weeds and spread diseases and insect pests. Therefore, it is advisable to build a septic tank for fermentation at the field side, or to moisten the compost pile with water and seal it with mud to make the temperature reach 35 ° C ~ 40 ° C. It will be safer and more effective to use after 25-30 days of fermentation.
Should not be applied too concentratedly or excessively
Especially when fertilizing dryland crops, if organic fertilizer is applied directly between rows or near the roots of the crops, due to the small amount of water held by the dry soil, the concentration around the roots is too high. After the roots contact the fertilizer piles, it will cause the crops to lose water and form a reaction Infiltration phenomenon, crops can not only absorb nutrients, but will cause water and nutrients in the roots to leak out, making crops grow badly or wither and lose water and die, resulting in soil nutrient imbalance. Therefore, organic fertilizer should be used as the bottom fertilizer and evenly mixed in the soil. When applying organic fertilizer during the growing season, ditch strip application or hole application should be applied, and the soil should be covered after application. Leafy vegetables are generally not suitable for foliar spraying with high concentration of liquid organic fertilizer.
Large loss of fertilizer effect when dried
Some growers are accustomed to drying organic fertilizers such as pig and cow pen manure in the sun, or applying them to the topsoil of dry crops. As a result, the nitrogen in the manure is basically lost, and most of the available phosphorus and potassium are lost, and pollution surroundings. In some places, when straw was returned to the field as an organic fertilizer source, due to insufficient fermentation and decay, it was applied too concentratedly between rice rows. As a result, a large amount of hydrogen sulfide was generated during the decay, which caused the rice roots to become black, and the seedlings were delayed. Timely remedy will make the whole field appear stiff, which will reduce production. In this case, the sun-dried field should be drained immediately. After the sun-dried field is sprayed, the growth regulators that promote root growth, such as sodium nitrophenolate, should be sprayed as early as possible.
Reasonable application
Organic fertilizers such as straw, pig manure, green manure, etc. have more cellulose (i.e. carbon) content and less nitrogen content. If the amount is too large, it may easily cause nitrogen deficiency in the early stage of crops and no seedlings. This is the return of rice straw. The field must be supplemented with ammonium carbonate to make sense of nitrogen. It is not better to apply more organic fertilizer to crops. Generally, 1000 to 1500 kg of fertilizer or 1000 to 1500 kg of green fertilizer is applied per acre, and an appropriate amount of ammonium carbonate or urea is added during application to adjust its carbon-nitrogen ratio to meet the needs of microorganisms To prevent the phenomenon of microorganisms competing with crops for nitrogen. Sheep manure in organic fertilizer has high nutrient content, fast decomposition speed, and strong fertilizer effect. Appropriate amount of pig manure or cow manure should be added during application to achieve the purpose of stable fertilizer effect. The application of phosphate fertilizers in organic fertilizers is conducive to improving the efficiency of phosphate fertilizers, and the combination of organic fertilizers and biological fertilizers is also beneficial to improving the efficiency of fertilizers.
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