Tilapia (common name: African salmon) 1. Overview: Biological characteristics Tilapia is a group of small and medium-sized fish. Its shape and individual size are similar to those of squid, and its rays are more like spiny fish. Therefore, the common name is: African squid, English name: Tilapia genus species: 鲈-shaped head, 鲈-shaped suborder, 鲡fish family, genus Tilapia. Tilapia is a broad-salinity fish that lives in both sea and freshwater. Tilapia has a strong ability to adapt to hypoxic conditions. It generally inhabits the bottom layer of water and usually changes with the temperature of the water or the size of the fish. Floor. The tilapia has a very wide appetite, most of which are vegetative mainly omnivorous fishes, which are very poor foods and have a large food intake. Tilapia grows rapidly, especially during the juvenile period. Tilapia growth has a close relationship with temperature. The growth temperature is 16-38°C and the suitable temperature is 22-35°C. The reproduction of tilapia is different from that of common farmed fish. It has the characteristics of early sexual maturity, short oviposition cycle, oral incubation, strict requirements for reproduction conditions, and ability to reproduce naturally in the water of small water surface. 2. Economic traits Tilapia is a tropical fish. It is native to Africa and has a long history of breeding on the African continent because of its rapid growth, high yield, rapid reproduction, poor feeding habits, strong adaptability, and low disease risk. Moreover, because of its delicious meat, delicate meat, and less spurs, it has a high commodity value and is popular with the general public. The culture has received increasing attention from various countries and has become one of the world's major farmed fish species. 3. Status of culture Tilapia is widely distributed in inland waters in Africa. They breed naturally in the lake. The history of tilapia migration in China was relatively early. As early as 1944, after eight transplants in different ways, tilapia gradually spread in China and formed a certain scale. It was reported in 84 years that our country’s The tilapia production is about 50,000 tons, accounting for 2.8% of the total freshwater production in the same year, and will increase year after year. Tilapia farming mainly adopts two methods. One is pond culture and the other is the use of warm water aquaculture of power plants. By the beginning of 1997, the area for pond stocking was 90 mu, the total output was 23,500 kg, and the stocking area of ​​Dongshan Power Plant was more than 200 square meters. At present, this aquaculture species has been recognized by the breeding units and breeders. At the same time, it has also accumulated a lot of experience in aquaculture and is gradually expanding in our city. The main problem is that the tilapia is a tropical fish. Difficulty, if you can gradually change their habits through breeding, their prospects for cultivation will be faster.
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