High-yielding Cultivation Techniques of Maize Mushrooms

Shiitake mushroom is a famous mushroom in the world. It is well-known both at home and abroad for its delicious taste and rich nutrition. The market sells well, and the long-term supply exceeds demand. It is a key product for China's foreign exchange earnings through exports. It is a more scientific three-dimensional planting method that the villagers have created in the production practice for many years. The corn can provide shade and moisturizing for the mushrooms, providing a good ecological environment for the growth and development of the mushrooms. Mushrooms are of high quality and high yield; while the culture materials of mushrooms are rotted in the ground, increasing soil organic matter and fertilizing the soil. In 1998, under the leadership of Party branch secretary Li Renguo, Dongming Village of Sanyuanpu Town, Liuhe County, 15 farmers planted mushrooms among 14 acres of corn, receiving relatively good economic benefits, and invested 3,000 to 3,500 yuan per mu. , corn 225 kilograms per mu, the purchase price of 36 to 50 yuan per kilogram of quality, ranging from 9,000 yuan per mu of mushrooms, per acre of mushrooms and corn two net income of up to 6,000 yuan, is 20 times that of corn The specific methods are as follows: 1. Site preparation for bed selection in autumn near the water source, a well-drained plot, east-west direction for the bed, the original 60 cm wide ridge, every other ridge for a flat ridge, dig width 60 cm, depth 10 ~ 15 centimeters, trampoline, flattened, preferably slightly higher in the middle, slightly lower on both sides of the turtle shape. 2. Formulating and disinfecting ingredients for culture materials: 78% of hardwood saws, 10% of rice bran, 5% of corn flour, 5% of wheat bran, 1% of sugar, and 1% of gypsum. The raw materials are mixed with 0.1% aqueous carbendazim solution. Evenly, hand-pinch the culture material. See the water between the fingers and seep without dripping. The disinfection method is to let the water boil on the gas, then spread the culture material on the curtain drawer cloth of the pot and spread 10 cm evenly on each layer. Left and right, after the fierce fire SAIC, then sprinkle a layer, after all SAIC steamer will be sealed, continue to heat above 98 °C, maintain 1.5 to 2 hours, after steaming into semi-clinker, while hot into the woven bag to be use. 3. timely sowing sowing time is the key to the success of mushroom cultivation on the land, sowing too early, the ground temperature is too low, the mycelium is difficult to germinate after sowing, sowing too late, the temperature rises, spread of bacteria, especially missed the best fruiting period, When the local temperature stability is at 5°C, it is the best sowing date. The Liuhe River is generally around Ching Ming Festival (April 5th), with 20 kg of material per square meter and 4 kg of bacteria. When the semi-clinker inside the woven bag is cooled to 25°C In the following, 7% of the bacterial strains were hand-pulverized into soybean granulated pieces, and were mixed in, mixed well and poured into a bed of film on a mat. The material thickness did not exceed 10 cm, and the material was scraped with a wooden board, and then The rest of the bacteria were sprinkled on top, and the top was filled with 3% lime water in the direction of the trampoline. After the straw was covered, the plastic film at the bed was folded back and then covered with a plastic film. 4 cm thick soil. 4. After the scaffolding has been sown and planted, corn is planted between the trampolines to cover the shade, and then a bamboo shed or rattan can be used on the trampoline to cover the shed. 5. Turn color management After 50 to 60 days of bacterial growth, the mycelium is physiologically mature and consistent with whiteness. At this time, it is necessary to remove the film in time and ventilate and change the air. On May 20th, the cover soil will be cleaned and exposed. Open the film, and then put the film back to the original place, pile up into a wrinkle, remove the membrane twice a day, three times, every half an hour, while strengthening the light, the trampoline should have sufficient scattered light, such as yellow water spit out or When accumulating rainwater, it is necessary to use a wooden stick to penetrate the culture medium and release the water. Normally, the color can be changed in about 20 days, and the buds can be managed in a fruiting period. 6. Mushroom management 1 increase ventilation, increase the temperature difference: after the color change, every morning and evening ventilation, each time about half an hour, still covered with a film after ventilation, try to make the temperature within the daytime shed 23 ~ 25 °C, night fell to Below 15°C, the temperature difference is increased for 4 to 5 consecutive days and the primordium is formed. 2 Cooling and moisturizing, Liuhe is a high-temperature period from July to August, which is unfavorable to the growth of shiitake mushrooms. While playing a role in shading the corn, it also increases the shading of shade sheds; at the same time, it can also suppress mushrooming and miss the high temperature period until the temperature drops. After the drenching water promotes the formation of the primordia. 3 Timely picking and processing: When the fruiting body grows to 7 to 8 minutes in maturity (the pellicle has just broken and no umbrella has been opened), it must be processed on the same day, dried or dried or flooded. According to the situation of the farmers in Dongming Village, there are several experiences: 1. The inter-corn mushroom is a very good project with social, economic and ecological benefits, and it is worth promoting. 2. The cultivation of mushrooms on the land is very important. The main condition is that the wolfberry can be drained, the drought can be poured, and the source of pollution can be kept away from the non-clay. 3. timely sowing. 4. Increase the seeding rate to ensure that the strains account for more than 20% of the culture materials.

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