Wheat seed quality includes seed moisture, germination rate, germination potential, clarity, purity and so on. To improve the quality of seeds, we must comprehensively manage and improve the original planting of wheat, growth period management, harvesting and milling, selection and storage, and other aspects.
1 Selection of seed breeding bases Seed breeding bases should choose the towns with good soil cultivability, convenient irrigation, contiguous plots, convenient transportation, superior natural conditions, no quarantine diseases and pests, and relatively good mass base. This is conducive to improving the yield of seed production, ensuring seed quality and reducing the losses caused by natural disasters. And it is convenient for inspectors to observe the planting situation at any time and organize staff to observe and learn. It can also prevent quarantine pests from spreading with seeds.
2 The original seed supply must be selected, tested, and coated with the national standard seeds. The seed purity, cleanliness, germination rate, and germination potential meet the original seed standards. Within the scope allowed by the funds, the original species can be provided first, and then deducted according to the standard at the time of acquisition. This will reduce the burden on farmers and increase mutual trust. It is also possible to sign long-term contracts with farmers, and there are no special circumstances to change the base. This will help farmers to accumulate a variety of experience, continuously improve the quality of production and reduce costs.
3 Field Management 3.1 Seeding Period: When planting in the breeding field, professional technicians must participate in the guidance in the field. Different varieties must be seeded according to different seeding rates.
3.2 Growth period: During the breeding period, the growth condition should be observed monthly to the breeding field. During the seedling stage, the cultivation and weeding should be supervised. After the heading, the seeds should be strictly removed and the seed purity should be ensured.
3.3 Harvesting period: It is necessary to harvest in due time to the wax ripening period. The mechanical harvesting should pay attention to the treatment when the varieties are harvested and avoid mixing. For manual harvesting, pay attention to stacking and pulling after harvesting. A long period of overcast rain will cause the piles of seeds to germinate, and should be returned as soon as possible. Care must be taken to prevent miscellaneous mixing and reduce mechanical damage to the seeds.
3.4 Storage period: The harvesting of seeds is still a period of time from the acquisition of the organization. During this period, it is necessary to prevent the entry and harm of various stored grain pests, and to prevent mildew and mixed varieties.
The acquisition of the 4 seeds is the last stage of seed storage. It must be carried out by responsible and self-motivated professionals and linked to seed responsibilities. Select machinery to ensure normal operation, the control of the machinery and equipment must also be strictly in accordance with the requirements of operation, to ensure that the selected seeds meet the standard. For seeds that have been contaminated, have exceeded moisture levels, germinated, or have failed to meet the criteria for selection, they must not be put in storage.
5 The quality inspection shall be conducted immediately after the warehouse keeps the seeds in storage. For the seeds that are released soon, they will be retained after passing the inspection. For seeds stored for a long time, the custodian shall observe the records on time and, as appropriate, take measures such as drying, dumping, and fumigation to ensure seed quality.
6 Seed coating mechanical coating must be proportioned, according to the requirements of operation, to ensure that the "coated rate" goods direct price. The artificial coating should be mixed and wrapped in proportion, and pay attention to reduce the mechanical damage of the seeds. Inside and outside the packaging bag, there must be a label with the contents of the variety, quantity, place of origin, acquisition period, inspector, etc., and brand promotion.
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