Reasons and countermeasures for the decline of soil potassium

First, the reasons for the decline in soil potassium analysis 1. The reduction in the amount of organic fertilizer. Organic fertilizers, especially straw organic fertilizers, are rich in potassium. In recent years, the type, quantity, and area of ​​application of organic fertilizers have been reduced to varying degrees, and the phenomenon of incineration of straws is still occurring. 2. The structure of chemical fertilizers is irrational. In recent years, the amount of chemical fertilizers has increased significantly, but the nutrient input structure is very unreasonable, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is out of balance. 3. Changes in the farming system. Agricultural machinery and equipment replacement, popularization of tractor ploughing, shallow ploughing; combined with the recent promotion of less no-tillage technology, although it can improve the physical and chemical properties of topsoil, but a long time less ploughing, shallow ploughing, farmland can not be cultivated As a result, the plough layer becomes shallow and the slow-potassium under the soil surface layer cannot be recharged in time, which accelerates the decrease of available potassium in the top soil layer. 4. Increase in crop yields. With the popularization of agricultural science and technology, the renewal of cultivation measures, the promotion of fine varieties, the comprehensive prevention and control of diseases and weeds, and the improvement of formula fertilization technology systems, crop yields have been increasing year by year, and potassium has been taken away in the soil. Potassium consumption increases year by year. Second, the role of potassium fertilizer Potassium is a very active element in the plant, mainly distributed in the most active metabolism of the organs and tissues, is the activator of a variety of enzymes. The main effects are: to promote the formation of photosynthesis and edible parts; is conducive to protein synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, symbiotic nitrogen fixation, thereby increasing the nitrogen fertilizer effect; promote sugar and starch transfer, accelerate the flow of synthetic products, accumulation, and thus improve Yield; maintain plant tension, reduce water loss, prevent plants from wilt; activate various enzymes to make crops grow robustly, thereby increasing plant resistance to frost, drought, disease and lodging, etc., and increasing the yield and quality of crops. Third, the measures to stop the decline of soil potassium 1. Increase organic fertilizer, promote straw return. Organic fertilizers are rich in organic matter and potassium nutrition, and are the main channels for improving soil organic matter. They are also the major source of potassium in the soil. In order to maintain the balance of N, P, and K nutrients in soils, we must first use sufficient organic manure. The results of many years of experiments show that the direct return of straw to the soil can improve soil physical and chemical properties and fertility, especially for the improvement of soil potassium. One of the effective ways to resume recovery of potassium. 2. Develop economic green manure and develop and utilize potassium-rich green manure. 3. Scientific ploughing. Do a combination of deep, shallow, little, and free. Soil monitoring results showed that continuous shallow tillage and no tillage, shallow plough layer, reduced soil potassium supply capacity, accelerated topsoil lack of potassium, and the rate of soil potassium decline was more than 15% faster than deep tillage. Therefore, no-tillage was promoted in large areas. At the same time, it is necessary to deepen the cultivation of sorghum, improve soil structure, and coordinate water, fertilizer, gas, and heat to create favorable conditions for the release of slow-acting potassium in the soil. The combination of less depth and less no-tillage should be based on the land, soil and crop conditions, and it is usually deep-drafted once every 2-3 years. 4. Promote the use of formula fertilization to increase the level of potash fertilizer application. Under the premise of reasonable application of nitrogen and phosphorus, increase the input of chemical potash fertilizer to achieve the purpose of increasing production, increasing efficiency, improving quality, and improving soil fertility.

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