Catfish tailings? Breeding techniques for different breeding periods

The spotted fork tail, also known as gully, river raft, American badger. This fish has the characteristics of strong adaptability, fast growth, easy feeding, easy catching, and delicious meat quality, and it has become a world-famous breeding species and game fishing target. The fish is a large-scale warm-water freshwater fish, and its diet is omnivorous fish dominated by animal foods. In the natural waters, the main feeding target is benthic organisms, aquatic insects, zooplankton, rotifers, organic detritus and macroalgae; all artificial feeds can be ingested under artificial breeding conditions, especially fish meal, bean cake, The pelleted feed made from corn, rice bran, wheat bran and other raw materials. Because of its rapid growth, in its different breeding period, feeding and management must be followed accordingly in order to ensure the improvement of aquaculture efficiency.

1, broodstock cultivation period

In the broodstock breeding period, 4 to 5 instar fish with good physique and good growth performance should be selected as broodstock, and the ratio of male to female is 1:1. The broodstock area ranges from 3 to 5 mu, stocking 60 to 80 tails per acre, about 150 to 200 kg, and raising a small amount of earthworm and catfish species at the same time in order to improve the pond water quality. Before the broodstock is overwinter, it is necessary to adopt intensive cultivation measures so that the broodstock can accumulate certain nutrients, which is both the material basis of the ovum and the smooth wintering of the broodstock. As long as the water temperature is above 10°C in winter, broodstock can still feed a small amount of feed and must be fed in appropriate amounts. Prenatal care is the most important, that is, after the spring to strengthen the feeding, careful management. First, replace part of the pool with fresh water. After the water temperature rises, the broodstock will become more and more prosperous. Therefore, it is necessary to gradually increase the amount of feeding, and appropriately increase some animal feed, such as livestock and poultry organs, small fish and shrimp. In order to increase the water temperature in the broodstock pool, the water level may be appropriately reduced, and at the same time, attention shall be paid to the enhancement of flushing.

2, fry cultivation period

Two to three days after the fish leaves are collected, they are raised and raised first. The temporary holding pool is better with an area of ​​1 to 2 square meters of concrete pool, and can provide 10,000 to 15,000 fry per square meter. Microfluidic water is needed in the pond and some palatability feed should be fed after 2 to 3 days. The rotifer is best, but it can also be fed artificial powdered compound feed. After 5 to 6 days of fry, the fry can be transferred to a special pool to cultivate summer flowers. The summer flower cultivation can be carried out with a cement pond with flowing water or an earth pond with a relatively small area, with a water depth of 0.7 to 1 meter, and the conventional method is used for disinfection. After the disappearance of drug toxicity, base fertilizer was used to cultivate zooplankton. The fish fry is bathed with 8 g/m3 copper sulfate solution for 10-20 minutes before disinfecting. The flow cement tank can be placed 8000 tails per cubic meter of water, and the earthen ponds have 50,000 to 80,000 tails per acre. The fry is kept in the pond for 2 to 3 days. Since there are abundant natural foods in the pool, it is generally unnecessary to feed bait, and artificial feed must be fed later. The main ingredients of the artificial compound feed are fish meal, corn flour, soybean flour, vitamins and minerals, etc., and the protein content is required to be 35% to 40%. The daily dose should be determined according to the weather, water temperature, and the feeding conditions of the fish. It is advisable to eat it within half an hour after feeding. During the entire fry feeding period, new water should be injected frequently, and the influent water should be filtered. The dissolved oxygen in the water should be kept above 4 mg/l. After about 20 days of cultivation, the fry can grow into a summer fish species about 4 cm in length.

3, fish breeding period

In this stage, summer flowers are raised for a period of time and cultivated into large-sized and healthy fish species. Fish pond 3 ~ 5 acres is appropriate, water depth 1.3 ~ 1.5 meters. The stocking mode is divided into two types: the main breeding and the polyculture. The main breeding acre has 6,000 to 8000 summer flowers, and the summer and summer flowers are about 1000. The mixed musai has 1,000 to 2000 tails of summer flowers, and about 2000 winter flowers have been grown. 500 fish summer flowers, grass carp summer flowers 1000 to 1200. It is often better to use polyculture because the salmon staple foods are plankton, and polyculture with polyculture can not only prevent the plankton from multiplying in the pond and affect the water quality, but also improve the utilization rate of the water and increase the total yield of the fish. Feeding mainly on artificial feed, combined with a small amount of organic fertilizer. The feed should be processed into fine granules with a crude protein content of about 35%. The daily dose is generally 3% to 5% of the total weight of the fish, and it should be fed once every afternoon and in the afternoon. During feeding, proper amount of water or water should be taken in order to improve the water quality and keep the dissolved oxygen in the pool above 3 mg/l.

4, adult fish feeding period

The catfish cultured adult has a high survival rate, a short period of time, and strict requirements on the culture conditions. At present, it is mainly pond culture, with an area of ​​3 to 6 mu and a water depth of 1.5 to 2 meters. The breeding methods can be either monocultured or polycultured. The general polyculture effect is better, and it is suitable for fishes that are polycultured with catfish. The main ones are salmon, carp, grass carp, carp, and tilapia. In aquaculture, feed formulation and feeding techniques are very important for the growth of fish. There are in-depth studies at home and abroad, and various feed formulations have been designed. Raw materials for processing feed in China mainly include fish meal, soybean meal, wheat flour, and corn meal, and the crude protein content is between 25% and 35%. The feed is best processed into two kinds of particles: sinking and buoyant. When the water temperature is above 15°C, feed the floating feed. When the water temperature is lower than 15°C, feed the feed. Feed 2 times a day, ie 1 in the afternoon and 1 in the afternoon, and the feeding range should be expanded as much as possible. Observe the fish's food intake daily and adjust the feed rate in time. Forktails are relatively poor in tolerance to hypoxia. To prevent floating heads and pans, pool water must be changed frequently to maintain fresh water quality. Dissolved oxygen in the fish pond should always be kept above 3 mg/l. Catfish can also be cultured in cages, often using secondary stocking. The first stage is raised from 10 centimeters in length to 150 grams in tail weight, and the second grade is raised from 150 grams to 750 to 1,500 grams. It can also be raised directly from 50 grams of fingerlings to adult fish. The stocking density of fish species of 8 to 10 cm is 350 to 400 fishes per square meter, and the breeding density of 150 g fish is 150 to 250 fishes per square meter. Cattails are tame, have a habit of colony, and are easy to catch. With the continuous growth of fish, in order to regulate the breeding density and improve the efficiency, they can be listed and arrested in batches. In addition, there are many diseases of catfish, especially in viral diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on prevention. In addition to routine disinfection, adhere to not feed degenerate feed, and regular drug prevention. Intestinal septicemia is a common disease. All kinds of fish are susceptible to infection. It can be treated by adding 0.18 kg oxytetracycline per 100 kg feed. In addition, the small melon worm is caused by the skin and pupa tissues of the small melon parasitized fish. To control the disease, the fish should be dipped in 8 g/m3 of copper sulfate for 15 to 20 minutes when the disease is released.

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