During pig rearing, feed poisoning is more common due to poor feed quality, malmoded feed and feed malmodulation. Once poisoned, it affects the pig's growth and development, but it causes death. This article lists common feeds that cannot be used to feed pigs for reference.
First, a large number of piled up and rotting succulent vegetables, beets and grass
If the green feed is stored for a long time, moldy spoilage or boiling in the pot or jar overnight will reduce the nitrate to nitrite. Green feed boiled quail preserved in the pot for 24 to 48 hours, the nitrite content of up to 200 ~ 400mg / kg (lethal dose of about 70 ~ 75mg / kg body weight), it should be fed immediately after the fresh feed or cooked, Do not squat in the pot.
Second, fresh sorghum seedlings, corn seedling leaves and fresh linen leaves
These feeds contain cyanogenic glycosides, and the feed containing the work pods is piled, moldy, or frost-dried. Under the action of special enzymes in the plant, cyanogenic hydrazine is hydrolyzed and releases hydrogen cyanide. The regenerated seedlings harvested after corn and sorghum are more harmful after frost. Hydrocyanic acid and cyanide are highly toxic, and even small amounts can cause pig poisoning.
Third, the sprouting potato and its stems and leaves
The green stems, leaves, and especially the embryos contain solanine, which is the highest content in the germ of the potato and in the epidermis that is irradiated by sunlight. Solanine stimulates the inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, which can damage the medulla and spinal cord and cause toxic paralysis. The use of potato germ as feed, germination, partial rot, or potatoes with green skin in production should be carried out by first trimming the germ, green skin, and decayed parts, washing them, and then feeding them.
IV. Slurry of sweet potato with black spot or sweet potato with black spot
Sweet potatoes are best fed to pigs, and both raw and cooked pigs love to eat, but ripening feeds almost twice as much protein than their raw counterparts. Sweet potatoes with black spot disease contain mycotoxins, which cause poisoning after eating, and when they are fed, black spots are cut off and washed.
V. Raw soybeans and soybean cakes
Legume feed contains anti-trypsin, saponin, urease, etc., affect the palatability and feed digestibility, or even cause diarrhea, affect weight gain, so the soybean meal should be cooked.
Sixth, non-toxic cotton seed cake and fresh cotton leaves
The cottonseeds and leaves contained gossypol, and during the extraction of cottonseeds, part of gossypol was excluded. The content of free gossypol varies according to different extraction methods. The lower the residual gossypol, the lower the gossypol, and the better the quality of the cottonseed cake. The lowest content of gossypol is 0.01%, and the highest is 0.6%. The content of free gossypol in the fed cotton kernel cake is not higher than 0.04%, and the maximum tolerable amount of free gossypol in the pig is 0.01%. In China's rural areas, “sandwich cakes†are steamed for a short time or fried without steaming. There is less destruction of free gossypol, and the content of gossypol in cakes is often as high as 0.2% to 0.3%. This type of cake must be added to the diet and free Gossypol can be fed with equal amounts of ferrous sulfate. The detoxified cottonseed cake was fed to the pig no more than 1kg per day, and the 3-month-old piglet did not exceed 100g. Fresh cotton leaves that have not been detoxified are fed with 3 kg of pigs per day, and piglets can be poisoned with 1.5 kg.
Seven, rape seeds that are not poisoned
The rapeseed cake contains sulphur glucoside, which itself is non-toxic, but under the neutral conditions, in the rapeseed cake in the role of mustard enzyme, hydrolysis produces isothiocyanate and oral oxazolidinone and other harmful substances. The mustard enzyme is also present in certain gut bacteria, so feeding untreated sulfur-containing glucosinolates is more harmful. Excessive use of rapeseed cake will affect the weight gain and feed conversion rate of growing pigs. Generally, rapeseed cakes can be treated with high-temperature alkalization and control and quantity. In fattening pig feed, the proportion of rapeseed cake in refined feed should not exceed 20% to 25%.
Eight, corrupted peanut cake
Peanut cakes are most susceptible to aflatoxin production during storage and produce aflatoxin. Aflatoxin production occurs on peanut cakes, and even if cooked, it does not eliminate the toxicity.
Nine, moldy corn, gluten, compound feed
These moldy feeds contain Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus flavus, rust, etc., and various mold poisonings occur after eating pigs.
Ten, excess distiller's grains
The amount of piggrass feeding pigs should not exceed 30% of the total amount of feed, otherwise alcoholism will occur. If the above phenomenon of poisoning occurs in pigs, one or more of the following may be used in combination for first aid:
1% of methylene blue (methylene blue), 20% sodium nitrite, 20% sodium thiosulfate, 40% malotropine, and intramuscular or subcutaneous injection of sodium, magnesium sulfate, and glucose saline. Dosage according to the doctor's advice or according to the instructions and depending on the poisoning situation, but also according to the length of poisoning, the size of the pig with sodium thiosulfate, baking soda, magnesium sulfate and other lavage vomiting and diarrhea to relieve symptoms
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