Recommendation 1: The plowing bottom must be broken
Due to planting for successive years, a plough base layer was formed under the plowing layer of about 25 cm using machinery such as a rotary tiller. The humus in the plough bottom layer is significantly reduced, the volume is large, the total porosity is small, and the pores of the multi-capillary tube are formed. As a result, the soil has poor air permeability, poor water permeability, and difficulty in root rooting. Due to the existence of the plough bottom layer, various types of fertilizers applied are concentrated in about 20 cm of plough layer soil, which makes the plough layer soil eutrophic. Because it is difficult for water to penetrate below the plough bottom, and the capillary can easily lead the groundwater to carry more minerals, it is easy to cause salinization.
Therefore, deep-rolling machines such as ploughs, trenchers, deep-drafters, etc. can be used in machines where the depth exceeds 25 cm. Breaking the bottom of the plough allows the bottom fertilizer to be distributed more evenly, and the soil permeability is better for deep rooting. At the same time, it also avoids the application of large amounts of fertilization to make the soil surface eutrophic. When it is watering, it can carry more nutrients into deep soil. On the one hand, it can lead the downward growth of roots, and on the other hand it improves the soil permeability.
Recommendation two: Do ​​not rely too much on potash fertilizer
According to the soil testing situation in recent years, the content of potassium in the soil has gradually increased. At present, the potassium content of some greenhouse soils has been seriously exceeded, which is very unfavorable for the growth of vegetables. Therefore, it is not appropriate to use potassium again for soils that have been found to have excessive potassium levels after detection.
Although potassium is good for vegetables, it does not mean that the more potassium, the faster the fruit expansion, the higher the yield, but will also seriously reduce production. Excessive potassium fertilizers seriously affect the movement and absorption of trace elements in the soil, such as calcium and magnesium ions. The type of soil in the northern region is dominated by calcareous soils. This type of soil contains abundant calcium and magnesium ions, including groundwater. Therefore, there is no lack of calcium and magnesium ions in the soil, but vegetables are often caused by calcium and magnesium deficiency. The bad head, yellow head, umbilical rot and so on. This shows that the excessive potassium ions in the soil have a great influence on calcium and magnesium.
It is recommended that vegetable farmers do not use large quantities of potassium if they have exceeded the standard for potassium after soil testing. Instead, consider how to remove excess potassium in the soil from the soil or activate it for root absorption and utilization.
Recommendation 3: Use Soil Conditioners Carefully
In many vegetable growing areas, soil conditioners are selling very well. Of course, this is inseparable from the propaganda of businesses. The soil conditioning agent is mainly based on steel slag phosphate fertilizer, which is a kind of alkaline fertilizer. It has a good improvement effect on acidified soil and can also add calcium and magnesium and other elements. So is it possible to use soil conditioners for all greenhouse soils?
the answer is negative. The data show that the pH of suitable soil for the growth of vegetables is mostly between 6.0 and 7.5. If the pH is less than 6, you need to use alkaline fertilizers to adjust. Most of the northern part is calcareous soil, and soil acidification does not generally occur when growing vegetables.
Therefore, soil conditioners should be selected according to the actual conditions of the soil. If alkaline fertilizers such as steel slag phosphate fertilizer are continuously used in calcareous soils exhibiting weak alkalinity, this will inevitably result in alkalization of the soil. If excessive nitrogen fertilizers are used in alkaline soils, large amounts of ammonia gas are easily generated, resulting in gas damage.
Proposal 4: Care must be taken in ditch and hole application of manure
When the vegetables are changed, the best base fertilizer application method is to use the entire shed and deep-turning, and there are many places fertilization methods, such as fertilization. Groove Shi, acupuncture points have nutrient concentration, long supply time and other benefits, but the fertilization method should pay attention.
The first is where fertilizers are applied. The furrows and points of fertilization should maintain a certain distance from the root system. Do not use the fertilizer directly under the root system, although the concentration of nutrients is not conducive to the root system. Followed by the selection of fertilizers for ditch application and hole application. Manure must be completely decomposed to avoid fermenting and degrading the roots in the soil. Commodity organic fertilizer should choose a brand with excellent quality, so as not to choose a bad quality of the burned tree.
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