Plastic film cultivation technology
The mulching cotton effectively increased the effective accumulated temperature in the cotton field, which not only expanded the planting area of ​​cotton, but also increased the yield and benefit of cotton. 1. Soil Preparation and Fertilization 1. Site preparation and soil preparation: The land with high topography, dry soil, moderate soil-viscosity, and light saline-alkali soil should be selected. Immediately after the harvest, it is translated in depth. 2. Before the winter, a large leveling will be carried out. In the following spring, small formations will be completed. Achieve loose soil, flat ground, debris without debris. Shizujifei: before planting Mushi farmyard fertilizer 4000? 5000 kg, 10-28 kg phosphorus diammonium, ammonium nitrate 15? 20 kg. Phosphorus diammonium and ammonium nitrate were mixed three to five days before sowing. Variety and Seed Treatment Variety Selection: Xin Lu Zao No. 7 and No. 8 etc. are selected for their extremely early-maturing, well-bellied habits and good quality. Mu sowing rate of 6.8 kg. Seed treatment: The seeds were exposed for 5 to 6 days after exposure, and the seeds were treated with sulfuric acid after drying. Specific measures: Treat 10 kg of cottonseeds per kilogram of sulfuric acid. Put the seeds into wooden troughs (plastic basins or pots), heat the sulfuric acid to about 120 С (white smoke), slowly pour into the cottonseed, stir until the seeds turn red, rinse with water immediately 5~6 Times, no sour taste, when the water becomes clear, remove the floating seeds, and after drying, use 50% carbendazim wettable powder to dip 1 to 2 kg of 0.5% of the seed amount for seeding. Second, the film sowing planting specifications: the width of 145CM mulch, a film seed 5 lines, spacing 27CM, spacing 16.5CM, membrane spacing 40CM, Mu preservation seedlings 1.2 ~ 14000. Sowing time: April 20 to 30 is appropriate. Seeding method: one week or so after the film is covered, seed sowing machine or sowing device is used for sowing. Can also be used film laying hole seeding machine to complete the sowing. Third, the field management check seedlings, make up the seedlings, put seedlings: timely check seedlings after emergence of cotton, seedlings at the lack of replanting or transplanting. In the event of rain and snow smashing, it will be promptly removed and the soil membrane cracked at a timely manner with good earth pressure. After the frost is frozen, put seedlings on sunny days and in the afternoon, and put 1 or 2 slender shoots per hole by plant spacing. Dingmiao: In mid-to-late and mid-May, 2~3 true leaves of cotton seedlings will be seedlings, leaving one strong seedling per hole. Weeding: Combine seedlings, seedlings, pruning, and weeds in cotton fields at any time. Pruning: After the buds emerged in mid-June, they took off their trouser legs (by wiping all the branches and leaves below the first fruit branch). In July and the beginning of the month, the top was taken (to take off one leaf and one heart). In late August, the heads of the flock were removed (all the tips of the branches were removed). In early September, the old leaves of the empty branches were destroyed. Irrigation: In late June or early July, the headwaters were flushed after flowering, and the boll swollen period (late July or early August) was filled with water, and water was poured twice during the whole growth period. Fertilization: Combine irrigation with head water and apply ammonium nitrate 5-8 kg. In the later stage, the insect-proof foliar was sprayed with foliar blight and potassium dihydrogen phosphate for 2 or 3 times. Chemical control: During the budding period (late June), 2 ml of Chlormequat or 3 g of Dicomimol are used per mu, and flowering period (in mid-July) is 4 ml of Chlormequat or 3 g of Dicomimol, and the fruit period is mu. With chlormequat 6 ml or dilute 4 g water 30 kg foliar spray. Ripening: In mid-September, choose sunny noon, mu with 75 ~ 100 ml ethephon, watered 30 kg of whole plant spray, prompting early boils, increase frost before flowers. Fourth, the harvest of cotton is one after another flowering, one after another cracking and bolling, and the normal bolling should be timely harvested and stored in stages. Two-layer double-film cotton double-cultivation technique of mulching film is introduced. The double-film and conventional film-covered small species are covered with small bow sheds to promote early-onset and early-maturity and achieve high yield. Two strains - When leaving two seedlings per hole, the number of mu seedlings can reach 1.7 to 20,000. Double-layered: One of the two plants selected from late May to early June was pruned in advance, leaving 3 to 5 layers of fruiting branches to be topping; the other strain was routinely used in early July to sharpen the tip of the item, leaving 6 to 8 layers of fruiting branches forming. A high and a short growth. The number of double branches per plant is 3~4 more than the number of single branches per plant in ordinary cotton fields; the number of twins per plant is 2~3 more than that of ordinary cotton fields, and the per mu yield can reach 95~100 kilograms, which is 10~15 kilograms higher than that of ordinary cotton fields. The rate of increase in output is 12-18%. This technology has taken the lead in experiments and demonstrations in Xinjiang, Jinta and other places and needs to be further promoted.
Glyphosate is a kind of non-selective, no residual sterilant herbicides, root weeds is very effective for many years, is widely used in rubber, orchards, mulberry, tea and sugar cane.Main inhibition of enol acetone in plant base shikimic phosphate synthetase, thus inhibiting shikimic element to the transformation of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan to distract protein synthesis, cause plant death.Glyphosate is through stem conduction to each part of the plant after absorption, can control the single cotyledon and dicotyledonous, annual and perennial, herbs and shrubs more than 40 families of plants.Glyphosate the grave after combined with iron, aluminum and other metal ions and soon lose activity, hidden in the soil of seed and soil microbial without adverse effects.
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